华东师范大学(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2016, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3): 70-76.doi: 10.16382/ j.cnki.1000-5579.2016.03.007

• 从知识到智慧 • 上一篇    下一篇

“所与是客观的呈现”说评析——以金岳霖、冯契为例

胡军   

  1. 北京大学哲学系,北京,100871
  • 出版日期:2016-05-15 发布日期:2016-07-06
  • 通讯作者: 胡军
  • 作者简介:胡军

On the Doctrine of “the Given Is Objective Appearance”: A Case Study of JIN Yuelin and FENG Qi

HU Jun   

  • Online:2016-05-15 Published:2016-07-06
  • Contact: HU Jun
  • About author:HU Jun

摘要: 金岳霖的知识论直接从认识主体的正常的感觉出发,认为正常的感觉内容就能够使认识主体直接达到客观存在的外物?正常的感觉内容就是所与,所与也就是外物?结论就是“所与是客观的呈现”?冯契认为金岳霖知识理论的这一出发方式克服了主观唯心主义认识论的缺陷,能够使认识主体可以直接地达到外物,是对认识论研究的贡献?他们的上述看法忽视了认识主体感觉机制在感知外界过程中的复杂而细微的功能,没有认识到即便是正常的感觉其内容也是外物与认识主体的感觉机制共同作用的结果?这样的看法使我们得出这样的结论,即认识主体只能从感觉内容出发去推导或分析外物可能是什么样的,而不能说外物就是我们能够直接感觉到的?

Abstract: Directly starting from the normal perception of the subject, JIN Yuelins epistemology claims that the normal perception enables the subject directly grasp the external things that objectively exist. The normal perception constitutes the given, and the given the external things. In this sense, JIN concludes that “the given is objective appearance”. FENG Qi argues that JINs epistemology is a contribution since it overcomes the defects of the epistemology of subjective idealism and enables the subject directly grasp the external things. However, both of them have ignored the complex and subtle functions of the perception mechanism of the subject in the process of perceiving the external world, without realizing that even normal perception is a result of the interaction of external things and the perception mechanism of the subject. We have to conclude that the subject can only infer or analyze what external things probably are according to his perception, and we cannot say that external things are exactly what we have directly perceived.