华东师范大学(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2018, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2): 38-45.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2018.02.005

• 佛教研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

《善巧方便波罗蜜多经》中“善巧方便”概念思想之研究

程恭让   

  1. 上海大学文学院历史系, 上海 200444
  • 出版日期:2018-03-15 发布日期:2018-03-27
  • 作者简介:程恭让,上海大学文学院历史系特聘教授、博士生导师(上海,200444)。

On the Concept of “Skillful Means” in Skillful Means Paramita Sutra

CHENG Gong-rang   

  • Online:2018-03-15 Published:2018-03-27

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摘要： 佛教善巧方便概念与思想，是佛教教法思想中的重要内容，也是大乘佛教思想的核心内容之一。在大乘佛教思想中，般若代表认识佛教真理的智慧，善巧方便则是指面向现实世界认识人类社会与文化。因此，寻求般若思想与善巧方便思想之间的有机整合，本应是大乘佛教智慧学及其伦理学建设的合理方向，但长期以来佛教的传播发展中往往只片面强调了般若智慧而忽略了善巧方便的平衡。大乘佛教经典《善巧方便波罗蜜多经》就是最早的一部在严格意义上自觉建构善巧方便思想的经典，因此对于这部经典中善巧方便概念思想的梳理、研究，对于理解大乘佛教思想中"出世"与"入世"关系的实质，以及对于理解近现代中国佛教文化的转型发展，都具有十分重要的学术意义。

关键词: 善巧方便, 《善巧方便波罗蜜多经》, 大乘佛教, 佛教的现代转型

Abstract: "Skillful means" is one of the core concepts in Buddhism in general and in Mahayana in particular. While prajna means the wisdom of knowing Buddhist truth and "skillful means" is to know human culture and human proprieties. Hence, the organic integration between prajna and skillful means should be the reasonable direction for the construction of the doctrine of wisdom and ethics in Mahayana. However, prajna has been overestimated while skillful means have been ignored for a long time. Skillful Means Paramita Sutra was the first Mahayana sutra that constructed the doctrine of "skillful means" in a strict way, so that an examination of "skillful means" in this sutra has great significance in understanding the essence of the relationship between "transcending the secular world" and "entering the secular world" in Mahayana on the one hand and the transformation of Chinese Buddhism in modern times.

Key words: skillful means, Skillful Means Paramita Sutra, Mahayana, modern transformation of Buddhism