Most Down Articles

Published in last 1 year | In last 2 years| In last 3 years| All| Most Downloaded in Recent Month | Most Downloaded in Recent Year|

In last 2 years

Please wait a minute...


For Selected: Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX Toggle Thumbnails

Select

A New Perspective to Observe the “Occurrence of the Cold War”：Before the Publication of Economic Vortex：A New Prospective to Observe the Cold War Zhi-hua SHEN Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (1): 53-60.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.01.005 Abstract （1749）   HTML （283）    PDF（pc） （653KB）（1902）       Knowledge map    Save The origin and occurrence of the Cold War, especially the role of the Soviet Union, has always been a heated topic in the academic circle. If observing from the new perspective of economy, especially from the notion of economy and economic strategies of the Soviet Union as well as economic relationships between the U.S. and the Soviet Union, we will find a different logic chain, develop a different historical narrative and eventually form a new framework to explain how the relationships between the U.S. and the Soviet Union changed and how the Cold War pattern formed and developed. The mission of historical research is to find out how the Cold War happened, what were the motivations of the U.S. and the Soviet Union and what caused such results. In fact, there were opportunities and possibilities to reverse the trend at each stage, but eventually the U.S. and the Soviet Union sank into the abyss of the Cold War. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

On the Implication of Historical Materialism in the Concept of “Upholding Fundamental Principles and Breaking New Ground” Yong-jie CHEN, Ze-guang YANG Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (3): 12-21.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.03.002 Abstract （503）   HTML （189）    PDF（pc） （703KB）（1217）       Knowledge map    Save In the report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC, XI Jin-ping repeatedly stresses that “we must uphold fundamental principles and break new ground”. “Upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground” reflects the distinct meaning of historical materialism. As far as the philosophical premise is concerned, “upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground” rejects external reflection and requires in-depth social and historical reality, showing the persistence of the materialization principle and innovative characteristics of historical materialism. As far as its development direction is concerned, “upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground” follows historical materialism and guides new practice with new theories, and promotes the Chinese path to modernization in the social-historical orientation. As far as the value orientation is concerned, “upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground” has always adhered to the clear position of people first, brought into play of the people to realize the free and comprehensive development of human beings, and actively created a new form of human civilization while committed to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

On Two Early English Versions of Huang Di Nei Jing Yu YANG Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (1): 46-52.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.01.004 Abstract （1475）   HTML （63）    PDF（pc） （684KB）（1204）       Knowledge map    Save Huang Di Nei Jing (Yellow Emperor’s Internal Classic) is the fundamental classic of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), from which the Western academic circle begins to understand the theory of TCM. Prioritized as the primary TCM work by Western sinologists, Huang Di Nei Jing had been translated into Latin, French, German and other languages before the 20th century. This paper investigates its two early English translations that have scarcely been emphasized or even noticed. Through figuring out the brief history of these two translations, examining the misunderstandings especially on terms by comparing them with the source text, and analyzing what motivated the translators to translate it and how they had first established their knowledge on TCM, this paper explores the special aspects during the transmission of TCM knowledge in the West. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Burgundy in the Late Middle Ages and the Construction of a French Nation State Ming ZHU Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (5): 35-47.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.05.005 Abstract （263）   HTML （6）    PDF（pc） （786KB）（1040）       Knowledge map    Save Traditional opinion is that the Hundred Years’ War between England and France in the late Middle Ages consolidated the national consciousness of Western European countries and facilitated the formation of two nation states, i.e., England and France. However, the construction of the Burgundy state indicates that a homogeneous French nation-state was far from being formed during this period, and Valois France did not complete its national construction. The Duchy of Burgundy, located in the eastern part of France, not only gained independence from the Kingdom of France through marriage and expansion, but also strengthened regional national identity through construction of institution and capital city, almost becoming an independent kingdom that included regions such as northern and eastern parts of France and Belgium. The Duke of Burgundy made efforts to expand and integrate his feudal territories, laying the foundation for national construction and leaving behind longue-durée influence. In the late Middle Ages, the territorial states derived from feudal territories facilitated the transformation of urban and regional spaces, reflecting the complexity and diversity of the Western transition from feudal times to the era of modern states. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Possible Separation between Photography and Image：A Philosophical Study Yang LI Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (2): 70-79.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.02.006 Abstract （293）   HTML （3375）    PDF（pc） （708KB）（864）       Knowledge map    Save The separation of photography and image requires a new understanding of the non-image nature of photography. Starting from the five paradoxes of image, this paper examines the basic nature of image, and then distinguishes photography from image. Photography is an “action” and a “process”, while image is the trace that connects the subject and the object through the camera. The essence of photography lies in the tension between the “given” of nature and the “capture” of the photographer, and many important aesthetic judgments in the history of photography theories are made by emphasizing this tension. For instance, André Bazan and Roland Barthes emphasize on the “given”, whereas Bauhaus and Pictorialism underline the significance of the “capture”. The media essence of photography has also changed with the development of technology. The traditional photochemical photography and photoelectric signal photography are quite different in terms of the nature of image. Moreover, the generative image represented by video game photography is independent of the visual objects from the external world. It becomes the photography that “captures” the virtual world, but still follows the intrinsic definition of photography. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Multiple Connotations and Evolution of the Concept of the Mandate of Heaven during the Periods of Zhou and Qin Naihe Xie Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2024, 56 (2): 72-84.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2024.02.007 Abstract （345）   HTML （40）    PDF（pc） （992KB）（713）       Knowledge map    Save During the periods of Zhou and Qin, the concept of the mandate of Heaven had multiple connotations such as the mandate of ghosts and gods, the mandate of law and the mandate of the heart-mind and nature. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, the concept of the mandate of Heaven was based on the mandate of ghosts and gods and meanwhile emphasized the governance of the state. However, it also contained some elements of the mandate of law and the mandate of the heart-mind and nature. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the mandate of ghosts and gods continued its influence in the sphere of national region. However, as the power structure of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty moved from royal government to hegemony and then to unification, the mandate of law and the mandate of the heart-mind and nature in the sphere of social ideology gradually became dominant. Moreover, philosophers in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty conducted theoretical construction to interpret the pluralistic connotations of the concept of the mandate of Heaven inherited from previous times, which had made a profound impact on ancient Chinese political philosophy. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

An Alternative Philosophical Interpretation Concerning AI Mao-tang DAI, Hong-mei Zhao Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (5): 13-24.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.05.003 Abstract （240）   HTML （89）    PDF（pc） （763KB）（701）       Knowledge map    Save As to overcoming the imperfection of human beings, technology is the most direct and useful instrument which can meet the goal, so it is positive in this sense. If AI is treated only as technology, it will be regarded as an instrument which meets some goal, only a machine apparatus with high intelligence and a technological unit at higher and stronger level, which exhibits extraordinary technological advantage. However, logically speaking, the intelligence level of AI is impossible to be higher than that of human beings. Technology is a sword with double blades, with its positivity and negativity. While the technology of AI is “overcoming” the imperfection of human beings, new imperfection of human beings will be lighted, which will harm the dignity of human beings and makes man worry about future. The more AI technology wants to help human beings embrace and win “future”, the more the man will lose some kind of ability and even “the future” when he gets the help. The seed of alienation is hidden in the instrumental nature of technology. The most prominent expression of the negative side of technology in this point is that the technology which is developed by human hands will bring the growing-up of human beings into the fate of self-negation. The AI is the metaphor of the life of Sisyphus: the significance and victory of the life is exhibited by the way of self-negation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

“The Solitary Mortuary”：The Meanings of Remains in the Context the Medicalization of Death Tian-shu PAN, Shen-qi TANG Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (4): 96-110.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.04.009 Abstract （281）   HTML （10）    PDF（pc） （1100KB）（698）       Knowledge map    Save In modern society, the scope of the flow of remains is continually exceeding the boundaries of family organizations and being taken over by larger and impersonal social organizations. Under the trend of the medicalization of death, the hospital has become the focal point of death and dying. As a spatial device of medical knowledge and a constituent of the hospital system, the mortuary has become a place for taking charge of patients’ remains. In the mortuary, there are two concepts of remains: one pertains to the Western medical system’s knowledge and cultural tradition that objectifies and dissects dead bodies, the other is the emotional, ethical, and mutually permeable concept of remains within the context of Chinese social thought. Despite the tension between them, anthropological research finds that these two concepts can be reconciled in commercial activities in the mortuary. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

How Is a Comprehensive Spiritual Hermeneutics Possible?：Centering on the “Theory of the Interaction between Heaven and Human” in Chinese Humanities Wei-xi HU Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (2): 1-18.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.02.001 Abstract （338）   HTML （26909）    PDF（pc） （706KB）（678）       Knowledge map    Save The study of hermeneutics is inseparable from the perspective of humanities. For the “spiritual hermeneutics”, which probes into the issue of “spirit”, it is also inseparable from the perspective of “spiritual humanities”, that is, taking the theory of the “interaction between Heaven and human” as the basic hermeneutic principle to explain “human nature and the Dao of Heaven”. With the “interaction between Heaven and human” as the center, the spiritual hermeneutics develops its hermeneutic ideas in the way of the “Dao-speech-wisdom-realm”. In this respect, Chinese philosophy has accumulated and summed up rich hermeneutic ideas and practical experience. The “Dao-speech-wisdom-realm” not only constitutes the unique hermeneutic logic of Chinese philosophical hermeneutics, but also has the transcendental universality so that it can be used to observe and examine the types of Western spiritual hermeneutics represented by Christian theological hermeneutics. The approach of Chinese spiritual hermeneutics is characterized by “from the sage to the holy”, while that of Western Christian theological hermeneutics by “from the holy to the sage”. The fact that these two types of hermeneutics have different theoretical starting points and hermeneutic approaches does not prevent them from taking the “holy spirit” of the highest and ultimate being of the universe as the final goal of interpretation. Thus, Chinese and Western spiritual hermeneutics traditions will finally meet and communicate with each other in the “end” and “summit” of hermeneutics. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Living in Peace and Working in Contentment：On Factors Influencing Migrant Young Talents’ Settlement Intention in Metropolises Kai-ze WU Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (4): 162-175.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.04.014 Abstract （518）   HTML （22）    PDF（pc） （981KB）（666）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the data from the China Migrants Dynamic Survey in 2014, 2016, and 2017 (CMDS 2014, CMDS 2016, and CMDS 2017), this paper develops an attraction-repulsion model from the perspective of immigration cities, focusing on the impact of occupation type, housing type, and living cost on the settlement intention of migrant young talents in China’s metropolises. The results indicate that migrant young talents who work in an in-system unit, or are engaged in management and professional technical work are more likely to settle down. Those who own property or live in the public rental housing also have strong settlement intention, whereas living in unit’s dormitories has a significant negative impact on their settlement intention. This study also finds an inverted U-shaped correlation between housing price-income ratio and settlement intentions among migrant young talents in metropolises. The settlement intention of migrant young talents differs among cities, while the influence of occupation status and housing type remains stable, the impact of relative housing prices exhibits significant heterogeneity across cities. To conclude, living in peace and working in contentment are crucial factors influencing migrant young talents’ settlement intention, and governments should take measures to ensure affordable and stable housing for young people to retain young talents. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Entrepreneurial Leadership，Challenging Stress，and Employee Innovation Behavior：The Moderating Role of Team Identification Ling-feng YI, Teng LI, Qin LIN, Jie SONG Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (3): 143-154.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.03.014 Abstract （450）   HTML （19）    PDF（pc） （721KB）（661）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the job demands-resources (JDR) theoretical model, this paper conducts a questionnaire survey and analysis on employees of high-tech start-ups in the Yangtze River Delta. The results show that: (1) entrepreneurial leadership positively influences employee innovation behavior; (2) entrepreneurial leadership positively influences employee challenging stress; challenging stress positively affects employee innovation behavior; challenging stress has a significant mediating role in the relationship between entrepreneurial leadership and employee innovation behavior; (3) team identification positively moderates the relationship between entrepreneurial leadership and employee innovation behavior. These findings enrich the empirical research on the impact mechanism of entrepreneurial leaders on employees’ innovative behavior in the context of modern China. Meanwhile, the uncovering of the intermediate effect of challenging stress and the moderating effect of team identification has provided practical insights for enterprise stress management practice. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Embodied Consumption and Emotional Interaction：Chinese Radio Drama from the Perspective of Soundscape Xiao-ye HAN Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (6): 26-35.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.06.003 Abstract （229）   HTML （85）    PDF（pc） （771KB）（656）       Knowledge map    Save Radio drama, also known as “drama to be enjoyed with ears”, has gone through an evolution from boom to bust in the changes of media. However, in the era of mobile Internet, it has realized a new development through the momentum of media integration. Nowadays, the rise of Internet radio drama has improved the interactivity and immersion of the audience’s listening experience. As a sound art of “accompanying audio”, “embodied consumption” and “emotional interaction”, it constructs a unique “soundscape”. In the process of “auditory turn”, the audience obtains emotional recognition and extends it in the virtual space, replacing “body” with “embodiment”. In this context, radio drama not only needs to pay attention to “what sound”, but also to “how to listen”, and then to the “sound needs” of different groups of people. Moreover, we need to pay attention not only to the construction of soundscape, but also to the significance of soundscape to the shaping of life and life community. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Dual Dimensions of Mechanism and Value：Research Progress and Prospects of Population Spatial Equilibrium Chen CHENG, Jin-hong DING, Gao-xiang GU, Yang TIAN Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (6): 93-104.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.06.009 Abstract （187）   HTML （7）    PDF（pc） （832KB）（646）       Knowledge map    Save To focus on population spatial equilibrium is to simplify the complexity of population equilibrium according to the outstanding problems in China’s population equilibrium development at the present stage. This study mainly includes the following factors: the population spatial equilibrium from the perspective of the market factors of macroeconomics, the equilibrium of social and economic structure, the spatial equilibrium of population and other factors under the influence of the regulation of natural geographic space, and the population spatial equilibrium of the residential system in the process of urbanization. The spatial equilibrium of population in Chinese context is discussed from the value dimension. This paper also discusses the practical exploration of population spatial equilibrium in China from the aspects of main problems, cause analysis, definition and measurement methods of population spatial equilibrium development in China and other regions. The future study of population spatial equilibrium should return to the essence of equilibrium, and make a scientific and academic exploration of this concept with strong application value from the micro-individual migration behavior. New research methods and analytical tools should be introduced to construct scientific evaluation criteria of population spatial equilibrium. A bridge should be built between the two discourse systems of value and mechanism, and a comprehensive concept of population spatial balance should be established that can link these two dimensions. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The Reconstruction of Confucius’ Ideal of “You Jiao Wu Lei” and Its Modern Relevance Cheng HONG Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (2): 50-60.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.02.004 Abstract （1840）   HTML （5567）    PDF（pc） （787KB）（634）       Knowledge map    Save This article aims to reconstruct Confucius’ ideal of “education without discrimination” (youjiao wulei) from the perspectives of intellectual history and political philosophy to demonstrate its continued theoretical and practical significance in modern pluralistic societies. “Education without discrimination” is not a statement of fact about the educated, but rather a value judgment about the educators; it requires teachers to treat students with different individual backgrounds equally. This article argues that “education without discrimination” is a type of civic moral education, which belongs to neither elite nor popular education. It seeks to cultivate exemplary persons (Junzi), rather than influence common people to form moral customs. It is reasonable to interpret “Junzi” and “Junzi’s virtue” as “good citizens” and “civic morals” in the vision of intellectual history and political philosophy. This reasonability shows the possible significance and value of Confucius’ ideal of “education without discrimination” at the level of civil moral education in modern society. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

On the Mechanism of Decriminalization of Misdemeanor Cases：Practice，Logic and Path Wen-jun DU Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (5): 81-94.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.05.009 Abstract （421）   HTML （292）    PDF（pc） （784KB）（623）       Knowledge map    Save Misdemeanor legislation fundamentally promotes major changes in the criminal structure, and constructing a mechanism of decriminalization for the special attributes of misdemeanors is the core issue to adapting to the modernization of crime governance. It is important to seek legislative solutions to solve problems, but it is even more critical to respect reality and explore existing normative systems. Since the current misdemeanor legislation has been formed, it is necessary to rationally realize that the promotion of the establishment of the mechanism of decriminalization of misdemeanors is supported by firm policy logic, sufficient practical logic, and internal theoretical logic. Therefore, in terms of governance concepts, it is necessary to complete the transformation from positive justice to negative justice, from guilt thinking to not-guilt thinking; in terms of substantive norms, we shall activate the existing normative crime function, and strengthen the role of rules such as saving clause and conviction but Exemption from Punishment causes in the governance of misdemeanors; in terms of procedural settings, we shall take the reform of the existing system as an opportunity to deeply explore the value of independent decriminalization such as discretionary non-prosecution. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Cigarettes and Urban Women’s Life Politics Wandering between Risk and Fashion：A Case Study of Shanghai Dun-fu ZHANG Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (3): 85-95.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.03.009 Abstract （244）   HTML （32）    PDF（pc） （1071KB）（618）       Knowledge map    Save Analyzing the issue of urban women’s smoking from the perspective of life politics may shed light on the image construction of smoking women in the specific consumer culture context and the essence of their consumer identity. The mass media attempt to frame urban women smoking as “fashionable” or “sexy”, empirical data of Shanghai interviews and observations show that in the daily practice women smoke for leisure and recreation, and alleviating work anxiety or life pressure. Urban female smokers have to seek subtle balance between personal preferences and the legal, policy environment, between public expectations and the stigmatized atmosphere, eventually leading them to be thoughtful and cautious consumer citizens. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

A New “Brand” Story：On Value Creation Mechanism in the Rapid Internationalization Process of Digital Enterprises Hui XU, Yi SUN, Qi ZHOU, Xin-yu ZHU Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (5): 134-153.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.05.013 Abstract （496）   HTML （283）    PDF（pc） （1419KB）（589）       Knowledge map    Save In the process of rapidly expanding into the international market, digital enterprises have shaped competitive advantages in the global market by forming unique value creation methods, narrating a brand-new corporate story. This article focuses on the rapid internationalization process of social digital enterprise “TikTok” and transactional digital enterprise “Shein”, and explores the value creation mechanism of digital enterprises from the perspective of LLL theory. It shows that firstly, connectivity is a key entry point for digital enterprises to quickly expand into international markets, forming a prerequisite for value creation. The differentiation of business attributes determines the goals and types of connectivity. Social digital enterprises are centered around relational connectivity, while transactional digital enterprises are centered around resource connectivity. Secondly, different types of connectivity affect the logic of value creation actions in digital enterprises. Among them, digital enterprises with relational connections as the entry point are based on the “leverage learning” action logic of massive user participation, with a focus on attracting overseas users to interact and participate, forming scalable digital relationships, and shaping a diverse value network; the digital enterprise that takes resource connectivity as the entry point is based on the “learning leverage” action logic of platform model innovation, with a focus on upgrading platform models through experiential learning, which can support the implementation of composite leverage strategies and achieve simple innovation value creation. The theoretical framework ultimately formed in this article can contribute to the theoretical gap caused by insufficient exploration of value creation paths in the rapid internationalization process of digital enterprises in existing literature, and further extend the application scope of LLL theory. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

How Modern Individuals Can Be Mutually Sympathetic：Hume and Rousseau on Sympathy Pei-tao JIA Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (3): 38-47.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.03.005 Abstract （298）   HTML （19）    PDF（pc） （812KB）（565）       Knowledge map    Save In the discussion about how the self and others can coexist harmoniously, Hume and Rousseau provide two internally consistent and synergistic conceptions of sympathy. As typical modern theorists, their focus on sympathy and their common emphasis on moral sentiments reflect modern ethical life’s introspective exploration of humanity and morality and affirmation of everyday life. Starting from this common problem awareness, these two secular and equalized sympathy views emphasize the modern human’s ability to exert the power of moral emotions based on the natural construct of the mind, maintain the natural virtues of sympathy, and adhere to a universalism-inspired sympathetic attitude beyond positions and interests, focusing on the care of humankind. Furthermore, in terms of specific sympathy mechanism, Hume’s sympathy embodies “fellow-feeling” for all the feelings of pleasure and pain, praise and blame, while Rousseau’s sympathy embodies “putting oneself in the other’s shoes” in the face of others’ pain; the former underlines a dispassionate and compassionate observation of sorrow, while the latter emphasizes a passionate self-concerned action, which jointly leads to the issue of justice. Contemporary interpreters need to distinguish between the transformative implications of these two sympathy views and explore how to use sympathy to improve society. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Between Life and Death，Disaster and Ritual：A Case Study of May 12 th Wenchuan Earthquake Xi ZHANG Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (4): 111-118.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.04.010 Abstract （185）   HTML （10）    PDF（pc） （821KB）（549）       Knowledge map    Save Behind the successful “Wenchuan experience” of post-disaster reconstruction, it still takes time to heal the spiritual and psychological trauma to the community in the disaster area due to the huge number of people killed by the disaster, and many rituals still maintain the original social relationships between the living and the dead. However, due to the centralized burial of the victims’ bodies and the local sealing of the victims, the original dialogue relationship between the living and the dead that can be completed by graveyards and tombstones cannot be established, so the non-religious mourning and memorial ceremonies of the victims in the regional community are strengthened, and therefore the re-discussion of various memorial ceremonies for the victims has become very important. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

A New Examination of the Needham Puzzle：Any Other Prerequisites for the Birth of Science? Xiao-nong ZHU Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (4): 37-53.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.04.004 Abstract （573）   HTML （12）    PDF（pc） （986KB）（542）       Knowledge map    Save In his previous paper on the Needham Puzzle in 2015, the author offered a conclusion that science could not originate spontaneously in China due to the lack of logic and the subject-predicate structure in antient Chinese sentences. This paper further explores the following issue: Are there any other prerequisites for the birth of science? The answer is uniformitarianism and positivism. The generation of uniformitarianism is in high correlation with the necessity of subject in a sentence. Positivism did exist in the practice in Chinese history, but it was absent in epistemology. In this way, this paper argues for three prerequisites for the emergence of science: uniformitarianism, logic and positivism. Moreover, why science did not emerge in Indian, Arabic, native American and other cultures? The reason is that they lack one or more of the three prerequisites for science. The Needham Puzzle is asked in a negative form for a specific phenomenon, i.e., “Why did something not emerge in somewhere?” This tends to induce ad hoc hypotheses. The question should be asked in an affirmative form: “What are the general conditions for the emergence of something?” Only this question will lead to scientific research. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics