新经济政策是列宁留下的重要政治遗产，它体现了列宁在理论上突破陈规、勇于创新的精神和探索一条适合俄国国情的社会主义道路的努力。由于复杂历史原因，包括列宁本人在认识上的历史局限性，新经济政策所蕴含的理论与实践价值没有得到深化和拓展，而后形成的“斯大林模式”的经济体制对社会主义实践产生了严重影响。认真研究列宁新经济政策思想的历史价值，对于我国坚持走中国特色的社会主义道路具有重要启示。

As important political heritage from Lenin, the new economic policy embodies Lenin’s spirit of creating new theories and his efforts to explore a socialist path that suits Russia’s national conditions. Due to the complex historical reasons, including Lenin’s own historical limits in recognition, the potential theoretical and practical values of the new economic policy failed to be realized or developed, while the later “Stalin model” of economic system had a strong impact on socialist practices. It is conducive to our own socialist course with Chinese characteristics to study the historical values of Lenin’s new economic policy.