明清之际，北京城市民俗在外在形式上虽然没有太大变化，但民俗承担者及其传承动机却大有不同。从585通北京内城碑刻来看，进入18世纪以后，北京内城不仅出现了立碑高峰，而且修庙立碑的主体也由明代的官员太监、清前期的汉族官员转为了普通市民，且碑阴题名中第一次出现了行会与商号的名称，具有自治色彩的民间组织层出不穷，女性组织开始出现，反映出社会转型的事实。如关帝圣诞、丫髻山进香等民俗活动虽与明代一脉相承，但民俗传承的主体与动因都发生了根本转变。这表明，将民俗作为资源而加以改造利用的行为，不仅存在于现代社会。碑刻资料有助于我们深入民俗的表面形式，发现其内在机制。

In the late Ming and the early Qing Dynasties, the city folk customs in Beijing nearly remained the same in form, but the custom undertakers and their motivations had greatly changed. The inscriptions on 585 tablets in the inner city areas in Beijing show that since the 18th century, the inner city areas in Beijing had not only witnessed a peak of tablet establishment, but also seen a change of the subjects who set up temples and tablets from the officials and eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty and the Han officials in the early Qing Dynasty to common citizens. Meanwhile, the names of guilds and firms were inscribed on the back of tablets for the first time, non-governmental organizations with autonomy cropped up, and feminist organizations started to appear, all of which reflects the fact of social transformation. Folk activities such as celebrating the birth of Guan Yu, offering incense on Mount Yaji were inherited from the Ming Dynasty, but their undertakers and motivations had been totally changed. This shows that the practice of reforming and taking advantage of folk custom resources does not merely exist in modern society. The inscriptions on tablets help us discover the inner mechanism of folk customs.