经济全球化不断深入，国际分工已演变为价值链层次。 聚焦于研究技术创新对生产价值链视角下出口结构的影响，通过构建数学模型推导分析科技创新对提升生产价值链地位的积极效应，然后通过计量经济学方法检验我国出口结构优化与影响因素关系，证实我国科技创新对价值链视角下出口结构优化的积极影响。 因此，我国应积极发挥科技创新的关键作用，实现“优进优出”外贸新格局；探索构建自己主导的全球产业价值链，实现国际新标准下的出口结构优化；着力优化人力资源配置，发挥人力资本对科技创新和外贸转型的核心作用，由此达成外贸发展方式的转变。

With the deepened economic globalization, international division has evolved into value chain level. This paper investigates the influence of technological innovation on export structure from the perspective of production value chain, building a mathematical model to derive and analyze the positive effects of scientific and technological innovation on the status of production value chain. This paper also takes econometric methods to test the relationship factors between export structure optimization and decision factors, which confirms the positive impact of technological innovation on the export structure from the perspective of value chain. At last this paper puts forward policy recommendations: to play a key role of technological innovation and build new foreign trade pattern, both import and export are good; to explore constructing own leading global industry value chain and achieve export structure optimization under new international standards; to optimize the allocation of human resources and play a central role of human capital for technological innovation and foreign trade transformation.