"以人为本"的文学本原观的确立，是具有鲜明现代性的文学本体论趋于成熟的表记。钱谷融先生于上世纪50年代中叶提出"文学是人学"的命题，在遥接"五四"时期"人的文学"理念的基础之上，予以拓展与深化，建构起更为圆融而开阔的理论体系，对克服长久以来盛行的"工具论"文艺观有重大意义。改革开放后，这一命题得到重新肯认，成为引领新时期文艺思想革新的一面旗帜，至今也未失去其现实的生命力。为继续发扬其理论功效，当前或可从"人"的内涵的进一步揭示、"人"与"文"的内在关系探究乃至人的存在方式的多样性与相互关联等方面作更深入、细致的探讨，这将是"文学是人学"理念信奉者的义不容辞的职责。

The establishment of the "human oriented" principle of literature marks the maturity of a modern ontology of literature. Constructing a more integrate and ambitious theoretical system based on the idea of "literature of human beings" during the May 4^th Period, QIAN Gu-rong put forward the doctrine of "literature as a study of man" in the mid-1950s. This was of great significance in terms of overcoming the instrumentalist notion of literature, which had prevailed for a long time. Since "Reform and Opening up", this doctrine has been acknowledged again and become a flag guiding the revolution of literary thought in the new period. It still remains its vitality today. To promote its theoretical power, we should further explore the internal connection between "man" and "literature" in terms of the connotation of "man" and more deeply analyze the diversity of people's ways of living and the correlations between different ways. This is the duty of those who believe in the doctrine of "literature as a study of man".