19世纪末20世纪初，中国知识分子展开了现代民族国家的最初构建。蔡元培及其乌托邦小说《新年梦》，是现代儒学与"社会主义"对话的重要开端。空想社会主义与儒家大同乌托邦的化合，西方革命思潮与公羊学革命思想的沟通，儒家知识人的国家想象发生了深刻转向。通过中西乌托邦思想的深入对话，中国知识分子塑就了一种东方的美学人文主义，展现出积极建构人类主体性与乌托邦理想的力量，其中包含着儒学和中国知识分子对社会主义思想的独特贡献。

From the late 19^th century to early 20^th century, Chinese intellectuals initiated the construction of a modern nation-state. CAI Yuan-pei and his utopian novel New Year's Dream were the important beginning of the dialogue between modern Confucianism and socialism. The national imagination of Confucian intellectuals has undergone a profound transformation, particularly in the combination of utopian socialism and Confucian utopia of "great harmony", and the communication between the concept of revolution in the West and that in the learning of gongyang. Through the deep dialogue between Chinese and Western ideas of utopia, Chinese intellectuals shaped a kind of oriental aesthetics of humanism, which showed the power of constructing human subjectivity and utopian ideals. It contained the unique contribution of Confucianism and Chinese intellectuals to socialism.