现有关于农业户籍歧视的研究主要关注了本地户籍劳动力与外来户籍劳动力在城市劳动力市场所受到的差别性工资待遇，而较少关注到城市户籍外来劳动力与农业户籍外来劳动力这两类群体间的工资差别与可能存在的歧视。但事实上，本地劳动力与外来劳动力的可比性较差，外来劳动力之间的可比性较强；并且，农业户籍外来流动人口对同处外来人口中的不平等歧视待遇会更敏感。因此，对该问题的研究具有显著的政策含义。那么，在新型城镇化背景下，城市外来劳动力市场上的农业户籍歧视究竟如何？基于相关文献的梳理，利用国家人口计生委多年的全国流动人口动态监测调查数据（CMDS），运用Oaxaca-Blinder模型的测算结果表明，城市外来劳动力市场上的农业户籍歧视在中国大多数城市普遍存在，平均而言农业户籍歧视可以解释农业户籍流动劳动力和城市户籍流动劳动力工资差别的30%—40%。另外，不同性别、年龄以及行业的农业户籍外来流动人口所受到的歧视具有差异性。进一步探索城市层面农业户籍歧视度的分布规律，还可以发现，随着城市规模的增大，城市层面农业户籍歧视度会出现先下降而后上升的"U"形特征。为了消除城市外来劳动力市场上的农业户籍歧视，有关方面要注重在户籍制度改革中加强对农业户籍人员应得利益的保护，要在与户籍挂钩的公共服务和福利待遇上消除落差，同时，各个城市要根据自身不同状况和特点进行户籍制度改革的推进。

Existing research on labor market discrimination against labors mainly focuses on the wage difference among labors with local household and migrant labors, but nearly no attention has been paid to the wage difference and potential discrimination among migrants with urban household and those with rural household. Nonetheless, the comparability between local labor and migrant labor is low while much higher among different sectors of migrant labors. Moreover, rural migrant labors may be more sensitive to unequal treatment and discrimination among migrant labors. Research on this issue therefore would be significant for policy making. Against the backdrop of new urbanization process, it is important to investigate how the situation about discrimination against labors with rural household holders in the Chinese urban migrant labor market. Based on existing literature, we conduct theoretical discussions on the phenomenon and mechanisms regarding labor market discrimination against rural migrant labors. We employ the Oaxaca-Blinder model and data from China Migrants Dynamic Survey(CMDS) by the National Population and Family Planning Commission of P.R. China for quantitative measurement. The results reveal that discrimination against rural household holders at urban migrant labor market prevails in most of the Chinese cities. On the average, discrimination against rural household holders can explain 30-40% of the wage difference between migrant labors with rural household and migrant labors with urban household. Meanwhile, the extent of labor market discrimination due to rural household varies significantly across subgroups of rural migrant labors who differ in genders, age, and industries. Further, this paper also finds that the city-level magnitude of discrimination against rural household holders will first decline and then rise along with the increase of city size, appearing in a U-shaped curve. This paper discusses the policy implications of these findings. Relevant departments should protect the legitimate rights and interests of rural household holders while carrying out household system reform to eradicate discrimination against rural household holders at migrant labor market. Differential treatments based on household such as public service and social benefits ought to be lifted off. Meanwhile, cities should advance household system reform in accordance with their actual conditions and characteristics.