中国现代性与知识分子

乌托邦的“否定辩证法”——对20世纪上半叶中国知识分子运动的考察与反省

  • 胡伟希
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胡伟希(1948—),男,广东韶关人,清华大学哲学教授,博士生导师

收稿日期: 2004-09-01

  网络出版日期: 2004-06-25

The Utopian "Negative Dialectics"——An Investigation and Reflection on the Chinese Intellectual Drive in the First Half of the 20th Century

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Received date: 2004-09-01

  Online published: 2004-06-25

摘要

乌托邦型公共知识分子的出场与大步登上历史舞台, 是2 0世纪上半叶中国社会历史的奇观: 它开始是乌托邦观念的制造者与提供者, 而后来成为意识形态的发言人与辩护者。中国现代知识分子从乌托邦话语到意识形态话语的转变, 意味着中国人文知识分子“谱系”的断裂。历史上, 中国人文知识分子曾是社会终极价值与意义的维护者与阐释者。今天, 中国现代人文知识分子应当重建与历史的联系, 在价值承担上向传统回归。这要求它实现三种转变: 1.从启蒙心态到教化心态的转变; 2.从“中心—边缘”意识到“守望”意识的转变; 3.从政治权力取向到社会公共领域取向的转变

本文引用格式

胡伟希 . 乌托邦的“否定辩证法”——对20世纪上半叶中国知识分子运动的考察与反省[J]. 华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 2004 , 36(6) : 94 -102 . DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2004.06.011

Abstract

In the early part of the twentieth century the historical stage pose of the utopian public intellectual was a wonder in Chinese society and history. In the beginning it was a producer and supplier of utopian ideas, and later became a spokesman and defender of ideology. The modern Chinese intellectual transformation from its utopian discourses to ideological discourses meant a break of the humanistic Chinese intellectual "spectrum." In history Chinese humanistic intellectuals had been safeguards and expositors of social ultimate values and purposes. Today, the modern Chinese intellectual should reestablish a connection with history, returning to its tradition as a value bearer. It is requisite for it to realize three transformations: 1) the transformation from an enlightenment attitude to an educational attitude, 2) the transformation from a "center-frontier" consciousness to a "watcher" consciousness, 3) the transformation from an orientation of political power to an orientation of social public spheres.

参考文献

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