中苏同盟形成与破裂过程中的美国因素

doi:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2007.03.002

华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2007, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 9-13.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2007.03.002

中苏同盟形成与破裂过程中的美国因素

刘军

华东师范大学国际关系与地区发展研究院, 上海 200062

收稿日期:2006-11-22 出版日期:2007-05-25 发布日期:2007-05-25
作者简介:刘军(1970—), 男, 湖北蕲春人, 华东师范大学国际关系与地区发展研究院俄罗斯研究中心副教授, 博士

The American Roles during the Rise and Fall of the Sino-Soviet Alliance

Jun LIU

School of Advanced International and Area Studies, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China

Received:2006-11-22 Online:2007-05-25 Published:2007-05-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

从影响中苏同盟形成与破裂的诸多外部因素来看, 美国扮演着共同威胁者、楔子驱动者以及平衡实施者的角色。但是, 在中苏同盟形成初期, 中苏双方并不认为来自美国的威胁是一种迫在眉睫的重大威胁, 只是到朝鲜战争之后, 相互之间的敌意形象才正式得以确立。美国的“楔子战略”对中苏同盟的瓦解有一定的消极影响, 但从根本上看, 是中苏之间关于对美观念与政策的分歧才导致矛盾的产生。中苏同盟瓦解后, 随着中美之间的相互接近, 中美之间并没有形成一种心照不宣的盟友关系, 美国只是在中苏之间保持平衡并寻求有利于自身的战略态势。

关键词: 中苏同盟, 美国因素, 共同威胁, 楔子驱动, 战略平衡

Abstract:

Generally speaking, there were three main roles to be played by the United States during the rise and fall of the Sino-Soviet alliance: common threat, wedge driver, and balance keeper.As to the common threat, the threat from the U.S.was exaggerated.Neither China nor USSR had regarded the U.S.as a direct and imminent threat before the formation of the Sino-Soviet alliance.As a wedge driver, America's role was very limited.The collapse of the Sino-Soviet alliance was not consistent with the American government's wedge strategy.It was China's and USSR's different ideas and policies towards the U.S.that caused the collapse of their alliance.As a balance keeper, Nixon Administration simultaneously improved relations with both China and USSR.The so-called "China card" and "tacit ally" was exaggerated.

Key words: Sino-Soviet Alliance, American role, common threat, wedge driver, balance keeper

中图分类号:

K153

刘军. 中苏同盟形成与破裂过程中的美国因素[J]. 华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 2007, 39(3): 9-13.

Jun LIU. The American Roles during the Rise and Fall of the Sino-Soviet Alliance[J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2007, 39(3): 9-13.

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中苏同盟形成与破裂过程中的美国因素

The American Roles during the Rise and Fall of the Sino-Soviet Alliance

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