华东师范大学(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2011, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 54-62.

• 儒佛道关系研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

初唐佛道“道法自然”论争及其影响

圣凯   

  1. 南京大学哲学系，南京，２１００９３
  • 出版日期:2011-07-15 发布日期:2011-07-26
  • 通讯作者: 圣凯
  • 作者简介:圣凯

The Buddhist and Taoist Debates over the Statement That “Tao Models Itself after Nature” during the Early Tang Dynasty and Their Influences

SHENG Kai   

  • Online:2011-07-15 Published:2011-07-26
  • Contact: SHENG Kai
  • About author:SHENG Kai

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摘要： “道法自然”是《老子》的重要思想，也是初唐佛道论争中的主要思想论题。随着这一义理论争的深入，道教在回应佛教批判的过程中吸收了部分佛教的思维方式，并对佛教的相关重要概念加以改造利用，从而将“道法自然”的解释提高到“重玄学”的高度，使得其理论思辨水平得到明显提高。同时，在争辩的过程中，佛教对“道法自然”的解释也随之不断深入，如澄观以“一真法界”来解释“众妙”，宗密以“法界”来解释“从本降迹”和“摄迹还本”等，都说明佛教界也试图以自己的思想来融会贯通老庄思想。通过详细考察初唐佛道二教对“道法自然”的不同理解、争辩的过程，以及这场论争终止于唐玄宗御注《老子疏》的经过，可以说明道教重玄学思想中的佛教因素，以及佛教对道教“道法自然”思想的批判与吸收。

关键词: 道法自然, 重玄学, 佛道论争, 成玄英

Abstract: The statement that “Tao models itself after nature” was an important thought in Lao Zi, and also a major ideological theme in Buddhist and Taoist disputes during the early Tang Dynasty. In response to Buddhist criticisms Taoism drew up some Buddhist thinking modes and made use of relevant Buddhist important concepts, thus elevating its own interpretations of the statement to a higher level of “stressing Mysterious Metaphysical Learning” and enhancing its theoretical speculation. Meanwhile, Buddhism deepened its explanations of the statement, trying to merge its own ideas with Taoist ideas.

Key words: Tao , nature , Buddhist and Taoist controversy