Abstract: In the age of collectivization, the state advocated and emphasized the ideological construction of socialism and its active practice in the social operation. However, what played an important role in rural public administration and social relations is not modern administration system of bureaucracy but rural traditional economic rationality, human relationship, and life logic emphasizing affection instead of principle. Examining the counteractions of rural cadres, this paper shows that they were in higher social status with more political and social resources. They not only represented the authority of the state, but also utilized it. The grass roots in the lower class were dominated by higher class so that they made efforts to seek asylum from cadres. The operation of public affairs in a village and the internal administration of cadres was in a chaotic state to some extent. The CPC’s socialist ideas and the authority of the state were challenged and weakened by the rural life and survival logic.