华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2024, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (3): 83-92.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2024.03.008

• 语言学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

来华西士的汉语教科书与清末语言变革——以莫安仁的《官话汇编》为例

凤媛   

  • 出版日期:2024-05-15 发布日期:2024-06-05
  • 作者简介:凤媛，华东师范大学中文系教授，华东师范大学语文教育研究基地研究员（上海，200241）
  • 基金资助:
    教育部人文社科一般项目“晚清来华新教传教士的汉语观之变迁及影响研究”（项目编号：21YJA751007）。

Westerners’ Chinese Textbooks and the Linguistic Reform in the Late Qing Dynasty：A Case Study of The Chinese Speaker：Readings in Modern Mandarin by Evan Morgan

Yuan Feng   

  • Online:2024-05-15 Published:2024-06-05

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摘要：

英国传教士莫安仁的汉语教科书《官话汇编》是重新理解和思考近代来华西士的汉语实践和晚清切音字运动之间复杂关系的一个重要代表。莫安仁在《官话汇编》中表现出对戴侗《六书故》及其汉字观的高度欣赏，并充分吸纳了其“因声求义”的语言研究方法。《官话汇编》中提出的“现代官话”概念，提升了其适用人群的社会等级，强调了其之于中国社会现实变革的意义，从概念建构、价值提升和教学实践层面为一种统一的民族标准语的形成进行了富有价值的探索。劳乃宣等主导的切音字运动的转向及相关主张，在《官话汇编》中也得到了另外一种形式的回响和发展。

关键词: 切音字运动, 汉语教科书, 现代官话, 《官话汇编》, 莫安仁

Abstract:

Evan Morgan’s The Chinese Speaker: Readings in Modern Mandarin is an important case for us to reexamine the relationship between Westerners’ Chinese practice and Chinese Phoneticization Movement in the Late Qing Dynasty. The Chinese Speaker shows Morgan’s appreciation of Dai Dong’s The Six Scripts and his views of Chinese characters, absorbing his linguistic method of “seeking meanings through sounds”. The concept of “modern mandarin” proposed by Morgan elevated the social level of the target audience, emphasized its significance to China’s social revolution, and effectively explored the formation of a normal national language in terms of concept construction, value enhancement and teaching practice. The Chinese Phoneticization Movement led by Lao Naixuan and his related propositions were also echoed and developed in The Chinese Speaker.

Key words: Chinese Phoneticization Movement, Chinese textbooks, modern mandarin, The Chinese Speaker: Readings in Modern Mandarin, Evan Morgan