华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2002, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2): 78-87.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2002.02.012

• 文学 语言 • 上一篇    下一篇

“给予”动词的语义和语用研究

徐峰   

  • 收稿日期:2000-11-07 出版日期:2002-03-01 发布日期:2025-12-19

A Semantic and Pragmatic Study of "Give - type" Verbs

Feng XU   

  • Received:2000-11-07 Online:2002-03-01 Published:2025-12-19

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摘要：

给予动词语义上要求携带三含强制性语义成分, 不同语域的动词对强制性语义成分在生命度、空间度、动词主体成分与与体成分之间的定向控制关系上有不同要求。不同动词的强制性语义成分映现为句法成分时有完全映现和不完全映现两种映现方式, 句式的不同实际上反映了不同的功能要求。不同给予动词的强制性语义成分在省略、移位、变换等语用变化上也有不同特点。

关键词: 强制性语义成分, 生命度、空间度, 映现

Abstract:

The "give - type" verb asks for three obligatory semantic elements in a basic semantic structure. The verbs of different registers make different semantic demands, which include animacy, spatial quality, and control - orientated relationship between actor and dative. There are two models when obligatory semantic elements map to syntactic elements: one is complete - mapping, and the other is incomplete - mapping. Actually, these sentence types result from different functional requirements. The obligatory semantic elements also have some features in pragmatic changes such as ellipse, movement and transformation.

Key words: obligatory semantic element, animacy, spatial quality, map