华东师范大学(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2011, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 56-64.

• 中国历史研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

并不神秘的民间速记文字——“花数”

邱建立 李学昌   

  1. 华东师范大学 历史系， 上海 ，200241
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2011-03-30 发布日期:2011-03-30
  • 通讯作者: 邱建立 李学昌

The Little Mysterious Folk Shorthand Writing – “Hua Shu”

QIU Jian-li & LI Xue-chang   

  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2011-03-30 Published:2011-03-30
  • Contact: QIU Jian-li & LI Xue-chang

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摘要： “花数”是明清至民国时期苏州一带负责田地买卖和管理地主租务的账房所使用的记账符号。它包括“数”和“字”两部分：“数”主要是苏州码子和汉体小写数字；“字”主要为一套表示田地面积的亩分厘毫和租额容量的石斗升合以及表示银币的元角分厘等符号。本文剪裁了苏州、上海等地租册上的原始手写“花数”作为实例，逐一加以释读辨认，认为“花数”不是一种行业“暗码”，而是古时民间用来记账的一套速记符号，具有易学易懂和书写简便快捷的特征。

关键词: 花数, 苏州码子, 汉体小写数字

Abstract: “Hua Shu” (dazzling numeral and character symbols) is a special series of numbers and words used by some accountants who were either in charge of dealing in farmland or collecting land rental for landowners in the region of Suzhou from the Ming and Qing dynasty to the Republic of China. “Hua Shu” consists of “numbers” and “characters”：the numbers here refer to the Suzhou numerals and Chinese numbers in figure while the “characters” here refer to a set of symbols of measurement which indicate farmland unit of area and capacity of rental grain, as well as monetary unit. Taking scripts clipped from rental books in Suzhou and Shanghai archives, deciphering and identifying them word by word, this paper argues that “Hua Shu” is a set of shorthand notations rather than a set of secret marks, and that it is very easy and simple to learn and to write.

Key words: “hua shu”, Suzhou numeral, Chinese number in figure