Abstract: By using China’s strategic emerging industries panel data from 1998 to 2010, this paper constructs a theoretical model and makes empirical analysis on influence factors on private enterprises’ contributions to strategic emerging industries. The result shows that some factors, including industry profit, industry incomes and the number of enterprises, the R&D funds, the number of patents, the export delivery value and the R&D inputs of the government, will have positive influences on the market performance of private enterprises in developing strategic emerging industries; but the factors such as the number of employees, the industry output value, the output value of foreign companies and the number of the state-owned enterprises will have negative impacts. This paper also makes suggestions as to how we can encourage private enterprises to enter and develop strategic emerging industries.