As one of six international economic corridors, ChinaMongoliaRussia Economic Corridor is an important programme in the construction of the silk road economic belt put forward in the 13th five year plan. The political and economic cooperation, the established regional and sub regional cooperation mechanisms and docking development strategies among the three countries lay a sound foundation for the construction of the Corridor. However, the construction faces both opportunities and challenges. Hence, it is significant to examine the extension and connotation of the construction of the Corridor and to put forward targeted policies by analyzing the measures to construct the Corridor, which will promote the realization of the strategic prospect of “One Belt and One Road”.