In this thesis basic eldercare services are distinguished between broad sense and narrow one. In the narrow sense, "basic eldercare services for nearly all residents" refer to basic care services that relatives and the society provide to old people when they are disabled, with dementia and lose self-care ability in daily life. Long-term care insurance should be implemented in the 14^th Five-year Plan and the insured people should be covered in it to ensure basic eldercare services for all. In our eldercare service system, "institutions as supplementation" and "institutions as support" are differently positioned in terms of quantity and function of institutions. Although they may be paid different attention to, these two expressions are not mutually exclusive. To improve our subsidy system on eldercare services, we should ensure one bottom line, implement three gradients, develop national evaluation standards on disability and establish the balanced financial support that the central government specially funds. Moreover, it is necessary to include the subsidy system on eldercare services in the top design of long-term care insurance from a long-term perspective.