The protection of children living in difficult circumstances, who are lack of family guardianship or receive inappropriate guardianship, is the top priority with most difficulty in children protection. Since 2016, great efforts have been made in perfecting the protection mechanism towards children living in difficulty, investigating the real situation, building temporary custody shelters and ameliorating the security guaranty mechanism. However, there are still multiple predicaments and problems in aspects such as the discovering and reporting mechanism, temporary care provision, arrangement after leaving the temporary shelters as well as the safeguard and assistance mechanism. Therefore, this paper proposes countermeasures to further improve the protection mechanism of children living in difficulty from perspectives of theories, law, organization setting and profession introduction.