The promulgation of the Policy for Unified Purchase and Sale of Grain was closely related to the grain crisis in 1953 and the implementation of the general line for the transitional period.Although the uptight relationship of supply and demand of grain in China was abated, the overall situation was still not satisfying.In order to meet the demand for grain in large scale industrialization and to stabilize grain price, the central government had to adopt a new measure to control the grain resources.The grain crisis in 1953 offered an important opportunity to promulgate the Policy for Unified Purchase and Sale of Grain.Furthermore, with the promulgation of the policy, the central government made it a part of the general line to transform the traditional production relationship in townships and rural areas.