Chinese poetics is a part of Chinese cultural spirit. If our contemporaries just use a modern, divided and independent theory of pure literature to understand it, it tends to lose its truth. Shen Zengzhi (1851-1922), a well-known poet, had a most profound understanding of academic, cultural characters of Chinese poetics. Through analyses of the connection between transformations of poetical history and academic culture and between poetical creation and Confucianism and Buddhism, we may apprehend internal trends of Chinese learning and reconstruct our cultural recognition of poetics so as to enrich the general picture of the twentieth-century Chinese poetics.