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15 January 2015, Volume 47 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Jun zhai du shu zhi and literary criticism WU Cheng-Xue, HUANG Jing 2015, 47 (1):  1-13.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2015.01.001 Abstract ( 433 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (2884KB) ( 926 )   Save As the earliest extant bibliography with abstracts compiled by a private bibliophile in China, CHAO Gong-wu’s Reading Notes in the Official Residence has an irreplaceable role and great significance in the history of Chinese bibliography. However, from the perspective of the history of literature and the academic history of literary criticism, its catalogue style, categories, prefaces and abstracts reflect the author’s idea of literary criticism. It is not only a magnum opus in bibliography, but also a collection of reading notes involving the history of literature and the history of literary criticism. Hence, it is a unique text for us to understand literature and politics in the Song Dynasty. ZHAO Xi-bian’s Supplementary Reading Notes is also an important complement to CHAO’s Reading Notes in literary criticism. Related Articles | Metrics

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A Reconsideration of Kangxi’s Decision of Promoting the Position of ZHU Xi in the Ceremony of Worshipping Confucius in 1712: Also on QIAN Mu and GE Zhao-guang’s Interpretation of the Autocracy in Ideas in Kangxi’s Reign ZHAO Gang 2015, 47 (1):  14-25.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2015.01.002 Abstract ( 426 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (2621KB) ( 1271 )   Save By situating it in the new context of the subtle struggles between Kangxi and his favorite official LI Guang-di, this paper re-explains Kangxi’s decision of promoting the position of ZHU Xi in the ceremony of worshipping Confucius as part of the emperor’s efforts to pacify Li. Based upon the long ignored source materials, it questions the traditional explanation held by such famous scholars as QIAN Mu and GE Zhao-guang, which treats the event as part of imperial Manchu’s suppressive policies toward the Han Chinese elites. This paper argues that such an explanation has read the relationship between the government and the intellectuals under the totalitarian regime into that between Kangxi and the Han Chinese elites and ignored the significant differences between these two kinds of relationships. Related Articles | Metrics

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On the Concept of Xin of Mencius Dai Zhao-guo 2015, 47 (1):  26-32.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2015.01.003 Abstract ( 559 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF (1222KB) ( 872 )   Save The concept of mind-heart (xin) is applied quite frequently in Mencius. This paper analyses the meaning of this concept by the means of classification. In the original context of Mencius, it mainly means psychological activities. However, a metaphysical tendency appeared in the interpretation of this concept after the Han Dynasty, which can be regarded as a result of the excessive interpretation of annotators according to their own philosophical positions. A correct understanding of the relation between mind-heart and things is essential to a reasonable interpretation of the concept of mind-heart. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Rectification of Xunzi’s Doctrine of Rectification CUI Yi-ming 2015, 47 (1):  33-38.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2015.01.004 Abstract ( 455 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (1229KB) ( 1094 )   Save Although all schools of thought criticized the values of others in the pre-Qin period, only the criticism of Confucianism, called as rectification, was rationally self-conscious. Xunzi eventually developed a doctrine of rectification. It represents the highest level of value criticism among the pre-Qin philosophies in two senses: Firstly, Xunzi shows his insights in the criticism of twelve thinkers with systematic arguments full of unique charm of philosophical thinking; secondly, Xunzi takes dao as the foundation of his doctrine of rectification. However, Xunzi’s doctrine of rectification is inconsistent since he fails to unify the ontological dao in Laozi and the Confucian dao at the level of value. Related Articles | Metrics

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Searching for Middle-range Theories： The Empirical Dimensions of Habermas’sDiscourse Ethics YANG Fan 2015, 47 (1):  39-47.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2015.01.005 Abstract ( 392 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (1595KB) ( 1274 )   Save Habermas’s discourse ethics is prescribed for the legitimacy crisis in the late capitalist society. Although Habermas emphasizes that his theory has strong practical concerns and it is a kind of theoretical paradigm of “post-metaphysics”, it has been criticized and challenged by many empiricists and empirical researchers. In order to combine the normative theory with political and social practices, the building of middle-range theories to make a dialogue between them is very necessary. Recent empirical studies on this issue can be regarded as an attempt to build middle-range theories so as to dissolve the tensions between theory and practice. Obvious tensions between philosophical studies on discourse ethics and empirical researches on it in social sciences, as well as those between qualitative and quantitative researches, need to be overcome by extending the methodological horizons of different disciplines. Related Articles | Metrics

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On the Historical Values and Limits of Lenin’s New Economic Policy ZHOU Shang-wen 2015, 47 (1):  48-61.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2015.01.006 Abstract ( 464 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF (2595KB) ( 959 )   Save As important political heritage from Lenin, the new economic policy embodies Lenin’s spirit of creating new theories and his efforts to explore a socialist path that suits Russia’s national conditions. Due to the complex historical reasons, including Lenin’s own historical limits in recognition, the potential theoretical and practical values of the new economic policy failed to be realized or developed, while the later “Stalin model” of economic system had a strong impact on socialist practices. It is conducive to our own socialist course with Chinese characteristics to study the historical values of Lenin’s new economic policy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Is It a New Mixed Model of International Aid?: A Case Study on Sicomines Project in Congo(DRC) YU Nan-ping 2015, 47 (1):  62-71.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2015.01.007 Abstract ( 411 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF (1839KB) ( 1179 )   Save International aid is not only a creation of diplomatic activities between countries in the 20th century, but also a method to enhance a country’s international influence. Along with the increase of Chinese companies’ overseas investment, a Chinese model of international aid, which unites investment, aid and trade as a whole, has appeared. There are obvious theoretical and practical differences between this model and traditional western ones. With a case study on Sicomines project in Congo(DRC), this paper analyses the international debates about China’s mixed aid model and the improvements made by China in international aid. Related Articles | Metrics

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Five Relations in the Reform of Government Institutions from the Perspective of Administrative Organization Law TANG Can 2015, 47 (1):  72-77.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2015.01.008 Abstract ( 323 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (1040KB) ( 711 )   Save The legal level of the reform of government institutions is an important index of a government by law. There are five important relations in the reform, that is, the relation between the reform direction and the authority of law, the relation among the subjects of administration-organizing power, the relation between the big-ministry system and coordination mechanisms, the relation between the unitary system and the decentralization of administrative power, and the relation between principles of need-meeting and proportionality. Related Articles | Metrics

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On the Balance of Public and Private Interests in the Identification of Historical Buildings Li Yi-heng 2015, 47 (1):  78-86.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2015.01.009 Abstract ( 323 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (1528KB) ( 712 )   Save The identification of historical buildings is essentially a kind of legal restriction on public power. Because the land-ownership of historical buildings is either state-owned or rural collective, the research on the identification of historical buildings can also help us free from the confine of landownership and focus on the construction of a unitary legal system of real property expropriation compensation. We may overcome the difficulties in China’s legal system of expropriation compensation from the perspective of expropriation rather than that of expropriation. In other words, we shall construct a legal system of expropriation compensation through equalization compensation. Related Articles | Metrics

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A New Study on the Historical Practical Origin of the Direct Appealing System: A Case Study on the Judicial Bamboo Slips from Baoshan Chu Tomb WANG Jie 2015, 47 (1):  87-96.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2015.01.010 Abstract ( 364 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (2190KB) ( 687 )   Save By analyzing the case documents of judicial bamboo slips from Baoshan Chu Tomb, this paper finds that in the Warring States Period, there were practices of judicial proceedings similar to the “direct appealing system” in the State of Chu, which were well developed and reached a systematic level. The “direct appealing” system in the State of Chu might be the practical origin of the system of “striking the stone or drum to tell grievance” in the Rites of Zhou, a book compiled in the same period. Therefore, the direct appealing system took shape in the Warring States Period. So we have to rectify and re-examine the conventional idea that the direct appealing system didn’t form until the Han and Tang Dynasties. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Repressed “Utopia”: WEI Yuan’s View of Administering State Affairs and that of Pure Land CHENG Qing 2015, 47 (1):  97-104.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2015.01.011 Abstract ( 392 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF (1788KB) ( 1096 )   Save As a representative of New Text Confucianism in the late Qing Dynasty, WEI Yuan has always been examined in Confucian history of the debate between Old Text Confucianism and New Text Confucianism. Although influenced by New Text Confucianism, WEI has also provided new insights through absorbing Taoism and Buddhism. Taking the idea of administering state affairs as the backbone, WEI tries to understand the categories of substance and function in a new way, enrich the Confucian tradition of his time with the dao in Laozi and the Book of Changes and promote the Gongyang practice of discovering deep meanings expressed with sublime words. As a natural result of his seeking for dao, WEI’s conversion to Buddhism does not mean he withdraws from society in his late ages. However, limited by his historical consciousness, WEI fails to develop the radical element of Utopia in his concept of “pure land” in the context of human secular history, although this concept is absorbed in the Huayan doctrine of the unity between things and principles. Similarly, he has not developed from the Buddhist concept of “pure land” an idea of great harmony characterized by Utopian, which can be seen in KANG You-wei. Related Articles | Metrics

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Buddhism and the Reconstruction of Intellectuals’ Spiritual Realm around the Hundred Days Reform: A Case Study on the Diaries in Wangshan Cottage JIANG Hai-nu 2015, 47 (1):  105-113.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2015.01.012 Abstract ( 412 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF (2347KB) ( 973 )   Save The period around the Hundred Days Reform witnessed the transition of intellectuals’ mentality from collapse to reconstruction in the late Qing Dynasty, for which Buddhism had provided important mental support. SUN Bao-xuan’s Diaries in Wangshan Cottage provides informative records of intellectuals’ rising interest in Buddhism, the confrontation between political and cultural thoughts and Buddhist ideas, and the relations between Confucianism and Buddhism in the adjusting process of Confucianism. It also shows that at the metaphysical level, when the philosophy discipline was initially established in the late Qing Dynasty, the combination of Buddhism with the doctrine of mind in ancient China and philosophy and psychology in the West led to a “new view of the world” in a strong Buddhist tune, taking a “schema of mind and things” as the core. As for the social and political thought, the study of Gongyang was central to New Text Confucianism and also functioned as the ideological foundation of the Hundred Days Reform. The Diaries provides informative records about the popular topics of that time such as “three religions and three lives” and “future pure land”. The influence of Buddhism on the study of Gongyang in the late Qing Dynasty enriches the theoretical connotation of the Hundred Days Reform and strengthens the political belief that human beings’ spirit can save itself. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Quest for Certainty: On Fu Ssu-nien’s View of Life in the May 4th Period YU Hai-bing 2015, 47 (1):  114-123.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2015.01.013 Abstract ( 410 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (2623KB) ( 865 )   Save Fu Ssu-nien’s thought was extremely exuberant in the May 4th Period, and he had discussed the issue of life earnestly. His discussion reflects his intellectual orientation of searching for certainty, and reveals his life and spiritual realm in the May 4th Period. Before the May 4th Movement, Fu Ssu-nien had began to explore the issues of society and life. However, the May 4th Movement provoked the contradiction between “nature” and “life” in his thought, so he decided to study psychology to search for certainty. Eventually, he gave up psychology with disappointment and began to carry out positive study of history and linguistics. Fu was under the influence of positivism in the “self-reforming” and the construction of the order of individual, society and history. He believed in positivism, while it could not provide the meaning of life. This spiritual crisis reflects the crisis of mentality in the May 4th Period. Related Articles | Metrics

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An Empirical Analysis of the Deficiencies of Government’s Economic Management System and Foreign Funds Demand Preference HU Li-fa 2015, 47 (1):  124-131.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2015.01.014 Abstract ( 387 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF (1455KB) ( 731 )   Save At present, the corporatization of local governments, the segmentation of local markets and political rent seeking are outstanding problems in government’s economic management system. They are also important factors influencing foreign funds demand preference in China. An empirical analysis shows that there is negative correlation and causation between the deficiencies of government’s economic management system and foreign funds demand preference. Hence, to change the government achievement evaluating and appraising system of local governments and to legally regulate the government’s economic management function is an effective way to reduce the foreign funds demand preference so as to enhance the quality of utilizing foreign funds. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Influencing Factors in the Entry of China’s Private Enterprises to Strategic Emerging Industries CHENG Gui-sun, SUN Zheng-xing & QIAO Wei-ran 2015, 47 (1):  132-138.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2015.01.015 Abstract ( 349 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF (1233KB) ( 772 )   Save This paper explores the factors in the entry of China’s private enterprises to strategic emerging industries by the panel data of high and new technology industry from 2008 to 2011. Results show that some factors, including the enterprises scale of the industry, the funds of R&D, the export delivery value and the government’s power of controlling the industry, have a negative influence on the entry private enterprises to strategic emerging industries, while the number of R&D staff has a positive influence. The level of competition in the industries have no impact on the entry. Base on the empirical results, this paper suggests to enhance the ratio of private enterprises in competitive industries, prevent larger companies from monopolizing, increase the R&D investment of private enterprises, and adjust the allocations of industry and policy resources. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Paradox between Imagination and Reality：Has “National Character” Hindered the Establishment of Modern China？ LIU Xu 2015, 47 (1):  139-144.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2015.01.016 Abstract ( 457 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (1323KB) ( 810 )   Save The immortal image of Ah Q created by LU Xun represents Chinese people’s spirit profoundly. But the national character embodied in Ah Q has been questioned increasingly in the new context of contemporary China. Firstly, national character might alter along with the changes of the environment, which can be proved in the practice of revolution in the liberated areas and ZHAO Shu-li’s works. Secondly, the Western colonialism is hidden in the national character theory, and all peoples in the world, besides Chinese people, have their respective national characters. Thirdly, the national character theory indeed originates from economic backwardness, but they are not necessarily linked. In short, Lu Xun’s Ah Q is still an unsurpassed literary figure, but the fact that the national theory endures for a century essentially reflects modern Chinese intellectuals’ deep economic anxiety in the construction of self-otherness under subjective summons.. Related Articles | Metrics

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Destruction and Reconstruction: On the Changes of Philosophical Connotations of Desert Island Fictions BAI Chun-su 2015, 47 (1):  145-151.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2015.01.017 Abstract ( 429 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF (1506KB) ( 1145 )   Save Desert island fictions usually have a typical theme, mainly following the plot mode that a person suffers shipwreck, goes through many dangers on a desert island, and returns to society finally. The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, Lord of the Flies, The Island of the Day Before, these three representative works apparently show the changes of philosophical connotations of desert island fictions in terms of space meaning, desire representation and ultimate orientation. While the confident spirit in The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe is destroyed in Lord of the Flies, it is rebuilt reflectively and gently in The Island of the Day Before, which reveals a turn from absolute to relative, unitary to multivariate, and “reality” to “retreat”. Related Articles | Metrics