Abstract: Since the late Qing Dynasty, people’s cognition and understanding of history has undergone an important turning due to the gradual eastward transmission of western learning. In the process of rapid changes in China historians' thoughts and under the influence of the theory of evolution, the historian basic thoughts came into being. Through a variety of channels, such as textbooks, popular books, newspapers, school education, ideological elements associated with the theory of evolution almost spread to every corner, becoming a ubiquitous way of thinking,hidden or significantly interfering with people on the history cognition and behavior choice. Affected by the acceptance and use of this kind of thinking, many of them are out of conscious awareness and more of an unconscious behavior. By the theory of evolution thinking, although popular, the affected people along with the style is vastly different, selectively accepted or opposite to each other, which can hardly come to identity.