Abstract: Frequent food safety problems in recent years require us to construct an efficient food traceability system further, but the construction offood traceability system needs an effective incentive mechanism. The realization of incentive mechanism can be done by introducing responsibility cost function which is defined by traceability degree and traceability precision, and the mechanism has improved the implementation effect of traceability system effectively. The result indicates that the suppliers tend to choose low traceability to escape from responsibilities without pricing strategy. But when the pricing strategy is taken, it does well in improving supply chain traceability and realizing the maximization of the benefit of each member if the value of food is high or the construction cost is low.