华东师范大学(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2016, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (2): 160-167.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.1016.02.020

• 城市治理研究 • 上一篇    

二十世纪中期美国的政府雇员工会与城市治理
——以纽约环境卫生危机为个案

李文硕   

  1. 上海师范大学历史系,上海
  • 出版日期:2016-03-15 发布日期:2016-03-29
  • 通讯作者: 李文硕
  • 作者简介:李文硕
  • 基金资助:

    本文的写作得到上海市高原学科建设计划上海师范大学世界史资助;是中国博士后基金第57批面上资助项目“纽约城市更新运动及其示范意义”的阶段性成果。

Municipal Unions and City Governance in Mid-Twentieth America:Sanitation Crisis in New York City as a Case

LI Wen-Shuo   

  • Online:2016-03-15 Published:2016-03-29
  • Contact: LI Wen-Shuo
  • About author:LI Wen-Shuo

摘要: 政府雇员工会是美国劳工组织的重要组成部分,在20世纪中期,其规模迅速扩大,斗争性也不断增强。1968年纽约统一环卫工人联合会罢工非常具有代表性,使1960 年代以来纽约的环境卫生恶化达到高潮,严重扰乱了城市日常生活。值得注意的是,统一环卫工人联合会罢工并非个案,这一时期政府雇员工会的罢工运动频繁发生,对城市治理产生了巨大影响,充分展现了政府雇员工会在城市生活中所扮演的角色。包括政府雇员工会在内的工会组织是资本主义制度的组成部分,一方面维护劳工阶层利益,另一方面也会影响日常生活,破坏社会秩序。总的看来,工会是资本主义社会制度化的政治力量,调节资方与劳工的关系,发挥着维护资本主义动态平衡的作用。

Abstract: Municipal Unions is an important part of the American Labor organization. During the Mid-Twentieth Century, the scale of municipal unions expanded with its militancy arising. The strike of the Uniformed Sanitationmen’s Association of New York City which erupted in 1968 led to the exacerbation of sanitation problems since 1960s and disrupted urban life. It is noted that strikes of municipal unions frequently occurred during these years which hit cities greatly. Labor unions is an ingredient of capitalism: on the one hand, unions maintain labor interests while on the other hand, strikes disrupt daily life and spoil public order. In general, as an institutionalized power, unions work for the dynamic equilibrium of capitalism.