华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2003, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 1-11, 118.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2003.06.001

• 历史 文化 •    

国际政治中的三种普遍主义——伊拉克战争以后对罗尔斯和哈贝马斯的国际政治理论的比较

童世骏   

  • 收稿日期:2003-09-07 出版日期:2003-11-01 发布日期:2025-12-15
  • 作者简介:童世骏(1958-), 男, 上海市人, 华东师范大学哲学系教授, 博士生导师

Three Types of Universalism in International Politics——A Comparison of Rawls' and Habermas' International Theories after the Iraq War

Shi-jun TONG   

  • Received:2003-09-07 Online:2003-11-01 Published:2025-12-15

摘要:

尤根·哈贝马斯近来对美国全球战略背后的所谓“自由民族主义”观念的批评, 与他对约翰·罗尔斯的正义论的基本理论设计的批评, 有相似之处。这是意味着罗尔斯在国际问题上的立场接近自由民族主义, 还是意味着哈贝马斯对罗尔斯的批评不成立——至少不适用于罗尔斯的国际政治理论?本文对这两个问题都作了否定, 并论证其原因在于, 罗尔斯的政治理论作为一种“虚拟对话的普遍主义”, 介于自由民族主义的“独白的普遍主义”和哈贝马斯的“对话的普遍主义”之间。

关键词: 普遍主义, 单边主义, 自由主义, 商谈理论, 罗尔斯, 哈贝马斯

Abstract:

Three are some parallels between Jurgen Habermas' recent criticisms at the notion of "liberal nationalism" in the context of the U. S. global strategy and at John Rawls' basic theoretical design of justice. Does this mean that Rawls' position of international issues is close to liberal nationalism or that Habermas' criticism of Rawls is ill founded, at least not fits to Rawls' international political theory? This paper gives a negative answer to the both questions, and argues that the reason lies in that Rawls's political theory as a kind of "universalism of virtual dialogue" intermediates between liberal nationalistic "monologic universalism" and Habermas' "dialogic universalism".

Key words: universalism, unilateralism, liberalism, discourse theory, Rawls, Habermas

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