华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2006, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 65-71.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2006.02.010

• 社会史研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

资金构成与合作社的“异化”——基于20世纪三四十年代中国乡村社会变迁的考察

赵泉民1, 忻平2   

  1. 1. 中国浦东干部学院 教研部，上海 201204
    2. 华东师范大学 历史系，上海 200062
  • 收稿日期:2005-12-10 出版日期:2006-03-30 发布日期:2006-03-30
  • 作者简介:赵泉民(1972—)，男，河南灵宝人，中国浦东干部学院副教授|忻平(1954—), 男, 上海市人, 华东师范大学历史系教授, 博士生导师

Abnormal Capital Structure and the "Alienation"of Cooperation: The Country Cooperation in China in the 1930's-1940's

Quan-min ZHAO1, Ping XIN2   

  1. 1. Educational Department, Chinese Executive Leadership Academy, Pudong, Shanghai 201204, China
    2. Department of History, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
  • Received:2005-12-10 Online:2006-03-30 Published:2006-03-30

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摘要：

20世纪前半期中国的乡村合作事业, 是在先天不足情况下(缺乏接受西欧式合作经济制度的背景)靠政府强力与银行资本的资助而推进的, 因而合作社资金结构呈现出畸形、失衡状态。这一偏颇资金构成促使了合作社的“变异”, “异化”成为银行资本在乡村的“代理人”; 政府实施管制经济、控制乡村、整合意识形态等多项政策目标的政治性组织, 以及为乡村权势阶层所控制的“新的集团高利贷”。所有这些, 既有悖于合作社公开、公正、平等基础上“共同经营”、谋社员“共同利益”原则, 又未能符合其联合弱者救济贫穷的精神主旨。这种“蜕变”是20世纪中国乡村社会秩序恶化、农业经济萎靡和基层政治失控的一种折射。

关键词: 合作社, 资金结构, 异化

Abstract:

The country cooperation enterprise in China in the first half 20th century was basically implemented by governmental force with the capital imbursement from bank.Due to the absence of the background of accepting the Western European style of economic system of cooperation, the capital structure of Chinese cooperation was in an unbalanced state.Consequently, the cooperativer turned out to be the agent of bank capital in the countryside, a political organization which controlled the rural area, managed economy and integrated ideology on behalf of government, and "the new group usurer"controlled by the country authoritative groups.All these contradicted not only the principle of "managing together"and "seeking collective interest", but also the spirit of helping the poor and the unprivileged.The deterioration of country cooperation reflected the bad social system of rural China, the stagnation of agriculture and the week governance at the grassroots level.

Key words: the cooperative, capital structure, alienation

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