华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (1): 68-79.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2026.01.007

• 区域与国别文学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

批判继承文学遗产：20世纪30年代苏联民族文学与世界文学的塑造

[德]苏珊娜·弗兰克, 田洪敏/译   

  • 出版日期:2026-01-15 发布日期:2026-02-02
  • 作者简介:苏珊娜·弗兰克（Susanne Frank），德国洪堡大学东欧与匈牙利文化研究所教授

Critical Inheritance of Literary Heritage： Shaping Soviet National Literature and World Literature in the 1930s

Frank Susanna, 田洪敏/译   

  • Online:2026-01-15 Published:2026-02-02

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摘要：

在第一次全苏作家代表大会的背景下，20世纪30年代的《文学批评家》 杂志成为讨论美学理论问题的核心平台。在相关的文章和发言中，继承世界文学遗产来进一步发展文学，显然成为一种程式。在对该杂志就“批判继承文学遗产”问题进行考察的过程中，“遗产”观念从法国大革命至斯大林时期的演进，苏联对待现实主义、浪漫主义及现代主义的不同态度，围绕卢卡奇与布洛赫等人的论战以及对苏联各民族文学的塑造都是不可忽视的重要方面。“批判继承文学遗产”也促进了“民族的形式，社会主义的内容”这一文化政策的实施，从而在多元民族文学与统一的苏联文学之间建立了有机联系。

关键词: 批判继承, 文学遗产, 《文学批评家》, 苏联文学, 民族文学

Abstract:

In the context of the First All-Union Congress of Soviet Writers, the journal Literaturnyī Kritik in the 1930s emerged as a central platform for debating aesthetic and theoretical issues. In related articles and speeches, the inheritance of world literary heritage as a means to further develop literature became a formula. In examining the journal’s treatment of the issue of “critical inheritance of literary heritage”, the evolution of the notion of “heritage” from the French Revolution through the Stalinist period, the attitudes toward realism, romanticism, and modernism in the Soviet Union, the debates originating from Lukács and Bloch, and the shaping of Soviet national literature, are all important issues not to be neglected. “Critical inheritance of literary heritage” also contributed to the implementation of the cultural policy of “national in form, socialist in content”, thereby establishing an organic link between diverse national literature and a unified Soviet literature.

Key words: critical inheritance, literary heritage, Literaturnyī Kritik, Soviet literature, national literature