华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2000, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 19-24, 32.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2000.04.003

• 政治  哲学 • 上一篇    下一篇

论中国思想中的客观主义和主观主义——以戴震对道家的批判为视角

〔瑞典〕罗多弼   

  • 收稿日期:2000-05-19 出版日期:2000-07-01 发布日期:2025-12-18

On Multi-dimensional Objectivism and Subjectivism in Chinese Ideoloev——A viewfrom Dai Zhen's Criticism of Taoism

〔Sweden〕Torbjörm Lodén   

  • Received:2000-05-19 Online:2000-07-01 Published:2025-12-18

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摘要：

客观主义和主观主义是人类思想的两类普遍倾向, 它们之间的分野和争论在中国思想中占有重要的地位。戴震立足于客观主义对主观主义展开了批判, 他的批判主要指向宋明新儒家, 但他又认为新儒家的主观主义是受佛教特别是道家思想影响的结果。戴震所代表的客观主义与庄子所代表的主观主义在自由问题上有明显的不同, 二者代表了社会参与和追求超越的两种不同态度。事实上, 客观主义与主观主义的分野也体现在当代中国的社会生活中。

关键词: 客观主义, 主观主义, 戴震, 道家, 批判

Abstract:

Objectivism and subjectivism are universal features of human ideology but the division of them is of vital importance in the Chinese ideology. Dai Zhen criticized subjectivism from an objectivist view. He mainly targeted Neo-Confuciamsm in Song and Ming Dynasties. He believed that the subjectivism of Neo-Confucianism was a result of the influence of Buddhism and Taoism in particular. With regard to such issues as liberty Dai Zhen's objectivism is markedly different from Zhuang Zi's subjectivism. They represent two different attitudes towards social involvement and the pursuit of transcendence. In fact, the difference between objectivism and subjectivism is also manifest in the contemporary Chinese society.

Key words: objectivism, subjectivism, Dai Zhen, Taoism, criticism