华东师范大学(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2011, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6): 27-37.

• 冷战史研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

毛泽东与东方情报局：亚洲革命领导权的转移

沈志华   

  1. 华东师范大学冷战国际史研究中心， 上海， 200241
  • 出版日期:2011-11-15 发布日期:2011-11-29
  • 通讯作者: 沈志华
  • 作者简介:沈志华：著名历史学家，华东师范大学历史系终身教授，国际冷战史中心主任，北京大学历史系兼职教授，香港大学名誉研究员。
  • 基金资助:

    本文获上海市哲学社会科学规划重大课题：“俄国中苏关系档案的整理与研究（1945—1979）”（项目批准号：2009DLS002）基金的资助。

Mao Zedong and the Eastern Information Bureau: The Transfer of Leadership in Asian Revolution

SHEN Zhi-Hua   

  • Online:2011-11-15 Published:2011-11-29
  • Contact: SHEN Zhi-Hua
  • About author: SHEN Zhi-Hua

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摘要： 1947年10月共产党情报局成立以后，斯大林并无意在亚洲也建立这样一个共产党的国际组织。在中国革命即将取得全面胜利的前夕，毛泽东开始与苏共商议建立东方情报局的问题。斯大林虽然提出让中共领导亚洲革命，并原则上同意建立东方情报局，但不主张立即采取行动。中共得到莫斯科的原则意见后，立即开始培训亚洲各国共产党干部。中国出兵朝鲜后，中共实际上取得了对亚洲革命的主导权，虽然考虑到国际形势，没有建立东方情报局的机构，但是通过开办马列学院和各种专门学校，以及把亚洲各国共产党代表聚集到北京，中共已经开始领导亚洲革命，特别是朝鲜问题的主导权也已经向中国转移。朝鲜战争结束后，中苏推行和平共处的外交方针，东方情报局的问题不再提起，但直到1960年代初，中国始终是亚洲革命的中心。

关键词: 东方情报局, 亚洲冷战, 中苏关系

Abstract: When the Communist Information Bureau was established in October 1947, Stalin had no plan to set up such a Communist international organization in Asia. On the eve of the total victory of Chinese revolution, Mao Zedong started to talk about establishing an Eastern Information Bureau with the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Although Stalin proposed that the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) should lead Asian revolution and agreed in principle to the idea of an Eastern Information Bureau, he was not in favor of immediate action. After hearing Moscow’s opinion, the CCP started to train Communist cadres coming from Asian countries. After entering the Korean War, the CCP gained actual leadership of Asian revolution. Although Eastern Information Bureau was not formally established, the CCP assumed the leadership in guiding revolution in Asia through opening MarxistLeninist academy and special schools to bring Asian Communist representatives to Beijing. In particular, the CCP gradually played a more dominant role in the Korea issue. After the Korean War, China and the Soviet Union advocated a peaceful coexistence policy toward the West. The issue of Eastern Information Bureau was no longer approached. China remained the center of Asian revolution until the early 1960 s.