华东师范大学(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2012, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 49-58.

• 伦理学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

论悲悯与共通感
——兼论基督教和佛教中的悲悯意识

胡伟希   

  1. 清华大学哲学系, 北京, 100084
  • 出版日期:2012-07-15 发布日期:2012-09-12
  • 通讯作者: 胡伟希
  • 作者简介:胡伟希

On Compassion and Common Sense, as well as Compassion in Christianity and Buddhism

HU wei-xi   

  • Online:2012-07-15 Published:2012-09-12
  • Contact: HU wei-xi
  • About author:HU wei-xi

摘要: 宗教之所以为人接受,在于它的悲悯品格。悲悯产生的原因在于:个体人有一种无可释怀的追求与那宇宙终极实在合一的宗教性形而上学冲动,在这种追求宗教性形而上学冲动的过程中,他深切地感受到人的有限性与无限性之间的冲突,由之而体会到人类生存的普遍性苦难与悲剧性命运,故悲悯其实是对整个人类之无法排遣的悲剧性命运的悲悯。悲悯根植于人的形而上学本性中,属于人的"共通感",人通过悲悯而体悟到他的群体性。宗教信仰赋予悲悯以实践的品格,即救赎之爱意味着宽恕与牺牲。

关键词: 爱, 悲悯, 共通感, 宗教信念

Abstract: Religion is accepted because of its compassion. Every individual has a religious metaphysical impulse never releasing from heart, which desires a union with the ultimate reality of the universe. In this process, the sense of compassion appears in a deeply feeling of conflict between one's limitation and infinite, and a resultant understanding of the universal suffering and the tragic fate of survival. Therefore, compassion is indeed the pity for the tragic destiny of human beings. Compassion roots in our metaphysical nature and hence constitutes a kind of "common sense" of human beings, through which an individual realizes his or her belonging to a group. Combining with religious belief, compassion takes a form of "redemptive love" in practice, which means forgiveness and sacrifice.