华东师范大学(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2019, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (1): 140-149.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2019.01.017

• 城镇化与城市发展研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

土地市场化能改善城乡收入差距吗？——来自中国232个地级及以上城市的经验证据

高波1, 樊学瑞2, 王辉龙3   

  1. 1. 南京大学经济学院;
    2. 南京大学经济学院产业经济学系, 南京, 210093;
    3. 中共南京市委党校, 南京, 210046
  • 出版日期:2019-01-15 发布日期:2019-01-22
  • 通讯作者: 樊学瑞,通讯作者,南京大学经济学院产业经济学系2015级博士研究生(南京,210093)
  • 作者简介:高波,南京大学经济学院教授;王辉龙,中共南京市委党校教授(南京,210046)。
  • 基金资助:

    教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目"我国城市住房制度改革研究"（项目编号：10JZD025）；江苏省社会科学基金基地课题"江苏省城乡发展一体化战略研究"（项目编号：15JD033）；国家社科基金项目"苏南—苏北产业转承中的环境污染转移机制、测度与矫正制度设计研究"（项目编号：15BJY061）。

Can Land Marketization Narrow the Urban-Rural Income Gap?: Empirical Evidence from 232 Prefecture-Level Cities in China

GAO Bo1, FAN Xue-rui2, WANG Hui-long3   

  • Online:2019-01-15 Published:2019-01-22

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摘要：

土地市场化改革是影响城乡收入差距的重要制度变量。采用2001-2013年232个地级及以上城市的数据实证分析中国土地市场化对城乡收入差距的影响，发现土地市场化在全国层面显著扩大了城乡收入差距，但这种影响存在区域差异。东部地区土地市场化改善了城乡收入差距，而中西部地区土地市场化扩大了城乡收入差距。因此，从全国范围来看，土地征收补偿机制宜从以静态货币补偿为主转向以动态补偿为主，并体现区域差异性，特别是要提升中西部地区城乡土地市场一体化水平。与此同时，应破除农地和城市土地权益不平等的土地二元结构，打通城乡不动产市场，构建城乡统一的土地制度和住房市场，促使同地同权、同地同价；应正确处理政府与市场的关系，减少政府对土地资源配置的不当干预，平衡土地在区域间的供给，促使东中西部的城乡居民共享改革发展成果。

关键词: 土地市场化, 城乡收入差距, 土地二元结构, 土地资源配置, 高质量发展

Abstract:

Land market reform is an important institutional variable which affects the urban-rural income gap. Using the data of 232 prefecture-level cities from 2001 to 2013, this paper empirically analyzes the impact of land marketization on the urban-rural income gap in China. It is found that land marketization significantly expands the urban-rural income gap at the national level, but there are regional differences in this impact. Land marketization in eastern China has narrowed the urban-rural income gap, while land marketization in central and western China has widened the urban-rural income gap. Therefore, from the perspective of the whole country, the land expropriation compensation mechanism shall shift from static monetary compensation to dynamic compensation, and reflect regional differences. In particular, the integration level of urban and rural land market in central and western regions should be improved. We shall also break away from the dual structure of unequal rights and interests in agricultural land and urban land, open up the urban and rural real estate market, establish a unified urban and rural land system and housing market, and promote equal rights and prices for same land. We shall properly handle with the relationship between the government and the market, reduce the government's improper interference in the allocation of land resources, balance the supply of land between regions, and encourage urban and rural residents in eastern, central and western regions to share the fruits of reform and development.

Key words: Land marketization, urban-rural income gap, dual structure of land, allocation of land resources, high quality development