Abstract:

The "give - type" verb asks for three obligatory semantic elements in a basic semantic structure. The verbs of different registers make different semantic demands, which include animacy, spatial quality, and control - orientated relationship between actor and dative. There are two models when obligatory semantic elements map to syntactic elements: one is complete - mapping, and the other is incomplete - mapping. Actually, these sentence types result from different functional requirements. The obligatory semantic elements also have some features in pragmatic changes such as ellipse, movement and transformation.

Key words: obligatory semantic element, animacy, spatial quality, map