Abstract:

Theoretical innovations by the Communist Party of China (CPC) have unequivocally established Chinese modernization as a new form of human civilization and proclaimed the theory of Chinese modernization as a major, latest achievement of scientific socialism. However, it is not easy to provide profound and concrete scholarly and intellectual interpretations commensurate with this status. The historical myth of “modernization = Westernization” persists not only unquestioned in the minds of those generally advocating “Westernization”, but also among dogmatic Marxists. Since classical Marxism was essentially developed as a general historical and social development theory centered on the examination of modern Western society, i.e., capitalist society, it has long inclined us theoretically and practically to view capitalist society— a form of modern civilization— as an insurmountable stage in the overall development of human history. Even after embarking on the socialist path, we still felt compelled to undertake a historical “remedial stage” in a specific manner. The key to the success of Chinese modernization lies precisely in its steadfast adherence to the scientific theories and social ideals of Marxism on a social and civilizational foundation entirely distinct from that of the modern West, thereby pioneering and practicing a socialist path with unique civilizational connotations in its own distinct way. This should neither be interpreted as an “error” of classical Marxism nor as China’s “deviation” from classical Marxism due to its specific realities. Instead, it should be profoundly understood as the original contribution of Chinese modernization to classical Marxism. It’s our academic task to re-identify our genuine social foundation and civilizational tradition by deeply comprehending this original contribution.

Key words: Chinese modernization, classical Marxism, theory of social development, civil society