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From the Fifth to the Seventh National Population Census in China：The Spatio-temporal Coupling of Population Distribution and Economic Growth as well as the Regional Balanced Development Rui-jun Wu Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2021, 53 (5): 174-183.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2021.05.012 Abstract （2718）   HTML （56）    PDF （903KB）（444）       Knowledge map    The provincial-level comparison of the Seventh Census and the two previous Censuses shows that the overall patterns of the dynamics of population distribution in China in the two decades before and after 2010 are as follows. 1. Based on the Four-Regions division, the population proportion of the East Coast tends to increase, the Central and Northeast China tends to decrease, and the Western China shifts from decline to a slight increase. 2. Based on the two-parts division by the HU Huan-yong line, the population proportion in the northwest part experiences a slight growth to a decline. 3. Based on the South-North division, the share of the northern population has changed from a slight rise to a decline. Combined with the regional GDP data in corresponding census years, it shows that the inter-provincial variance in GDP per Capita tends to shrink in general. 1. For the Four Regions, the difference of the top two among the East Coast tends to decline, as well as the bottom two in the Central and the West, and the variance within the Northeast are significantly smaller than the national average. 2. The gap of GDP per capita between the two sides of the HU Huan-yong line has changed from narrowing to widening. 3. The gap of GDP per capita between the south and the north is widened significantly from 2010 to 2020. The main conclusions are as follows. 1. New changes are found in the spatial pattern of population in China, among which high propriety should be given to the emerging of northerners’ “Moving South” phenomenon and its impacts. 2. New progress and new challenges coexist in the regional balance between the population spatial pattern and the economic growth in China. 3. Both positive and negative couplings exist in the dynamics of China’s population distribution and regional economic growth. Therefore, we shall conform to the objective trend of current migration to improve the regional balanced development of population on the one hand and economy and society on the other. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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National Security Governance Strategy in the New Era：Its System，Idea and Path Hua-fu JIANG, Jun LIU Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2022, 54 (6): 105-111.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2022.06.012 Abstract （1529）   HTML （31）    PDF （543KB）（663）       Knowledge map    National security governance is related to the long-term governance of the Party, the long-term stability of the country, and people’s life and work in peace and contentment. The strategic system of national security governance in the new era is a set of systematic institutional arrangements for maintaining and shaping national security, and it is the specific application of the national governance system in the field of national security. The strategic concept of national security governance in the new era is mainly reflected in the trinity of XI Jin-ping’s overall national security concept, with the purpose of people’s security, political security as the foundation, and national interests as the criterion. As for the practice path, we should adhere to safe development, promote the dynamic balance between high-quality development and high-level security, adhere to overall warfare, and coordinate traditional and non-traditional security, stick to the path of peaceful development, and promote the coordination of our own security and common security. To exactly grasp the strategy of national security governance system, follow the strategic path of national security governance system and promote national security governance in a comprehensive way is significant for us to realize the goal of the second century and achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A New Perspective to Observe the “Occurrence of the Cold War”：Before the Publication of Economic Vortex：A New Prospective to Observe the Cold War Zhi-hua SHEN Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (1): 53-60.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.01.005 Abstract （1267）   HTML （255）    PDF （653KB）（1146）       Knowledge map    The origin and occurrence of the Cold War, especially the role of the Soviet Union, has always been a heated topic in the academic circle. If observing from the new perspective of economy, especially from the notion of economy and economic strategies of the Soviet Union as well as economic relationships between the U.S. and the Soviet Union, we will find a different logic chain, develop a different historical narrative and eventually form a new framework to explain how the relationships between the U.S. and the Soviet Union changed and how the Cold War pattern formed and developed. The mission of historical research is to find out how the Cold War happened, what were the motivations of the U.S. and the Soviet Union and what caused such results. In fact, there were opportunities and possibilities to reverse the trend at each stage, but eventually the U.S. and the Soviet Union sank into the abyss of the Cold War. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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“Chinese Root”：A New Exotic Drug in the Eyes of European Physicians during the Renaissance Period Xi GAO Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (1): 22-32.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.01.002 Abstract （860）   HTML （24）    PDF （923KB）（234）       Knowledge map    The “Chinese root”, namely, the Chinese herbal “Glabrous Greenbrier Rhizome”, was brought to Europe by Portuguese merchants in the early 16th century and was regarded as the “holy wood” by European physicians. Exploring why the writer of Radicis Chynae chose the “Chinese root” to illustrate his epochal and subversive scientific ideas, this paper analyses the impact of the Western transmission of traditional Chinese medicine since the 16th century on the shift in scientific thinking in the Renaissance. It also attempts to explore, from the perspective of knowledge power and academic authority, how the changes in medical concepts and methodology were influenced by hidden political forces, such as imperial will and academic authority, during the transition of European medicine from classical to modern times when science was first emerging, and how the construction of methodology was accomplished through academic language. The role and influence of the “Chinese root” will be examined in such a context. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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In Pursuit of Chinese Road to Modernization and Human Civilization in a New Form：China’s Exploration since Modern Times Wei-ping CHEN Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2022, 54 (6): 17-23.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2022.06.003 Abstract （728）   HTML （33）    PDF （686KB）（482）       Knowledge map    Taking “the creation of human civilization in a new form” as “the essential requirement of Chinese modernization” in the report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC, President XI Jin-ping reveals their intrinsic link. This is the achievement of historical accumulation of exploring China’s road to modernization and human civilization in a new form since modern times. The historical logic of this exploration since modern times in China is clear. From Westernizationists to reformists and then to Revolutionaries, it shows the starting point and twists of the exploration of modernization and civilization in a new form. In other words, Chinese people began to turn to socialism in order to make China catch up with other nations in the process of learning the modernization of Western capitalism. After the May 4th Movement, CHEN Du-xiu, LI Da-zhao and MAO Ze-dong all stated that China had to realize modernization and build civilization in a new form in the framework of socialism. It was in the first leap of the sinicization of Marxism that the exploration of Chinese modernization and human civilization in a new form has been closely and substantially related to the leadership of the CPC, its historical mission, the prospect of socialism and its firm stance of the masses of people. After the foundation of PRC, the exploration of socialist modernization and civilization in a new form experienced turns and twists and eventually generated a new leap of the sinicization of Marxism in the “second combination of Marxism and China’s condition” during the two periods divided by reform and opening-up. It has integrated Chinese modernization, socialism with Chinese characteristics and human civilization in a new form into a whole. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Impact of Digital Economy on Urban Economic Resilience in the Yangtze River Delta Region Yan HU, Yu-qi CHEN, Yan LI Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2022, 54 (1): 143-154.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2022.01.013 Abstract （722）   HTML （46）    PDF （722KB）（536）       Knowledge map    Under the new development pattern, accelerating the development of digital economy and strengthening the resilience of urban economy are important ways to realize the high-quality development of regional economy. Based on the panel data of 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta region from 2011 to 2019, this paper empirically studies the impact and path of digital economy on the economic resilience of cities in the Yangtze River Delta. The results show that: （1） The benchmark test shows that digital economy can significantly improve the economic resilience of cities in the Yangtze River Delta, and has the most significant effect on the improvement of urban economic resistance. （2） Heterogeneity analysis shows that digital economy development has a significant effect on promoting urban economic resilience within the Yangtze Delta metropolitan. （3） The mediating effect test shows that digital economy can influence urban economic resilience by promoting innovation and entrepreneurship and improving social security. （4） The spatial effect test shows that digital economic development has a positive spillover effect on urban economic resilience in the Yangtze River Delta region. Therefore, to make digital economy play a more positive role in enhancing the resilience of urban economy, we shall promote the integrated development of digital economy and real economy, facilitate the joint development of digital economy and social security system, accelerate the introduction of talents in metropolitan areas and strengthen the construction of digital economy in non-metropolitan areas. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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On Two Early English Versions of Huang Di Nei Jing Yu YANG Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (1): 46-52.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.01.004 Abstract （648）   HTML （31）    PDF （684KB）（477）       Knowledge map    Huang Di Nei Jing (Yellow Emperor’s Internal Classic) is the fundamental classic of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), from which the Western academic circle begins to understand the theory of TCM. Prioritized as the primary TCM work by Western sinologists, Huang Di Nei Jing had been translated into Latin, French, German and other languages before the 20th century. This paper investigates its two early English translations that have scarcely been emphasized or even noticed. Through figuring out the brief history of these two translations, examining the misunderstandings especially on terms by comparing them with the source text, and analyzing what motivated the translators to translate it and how they had first established their knowledge on TCM, this paper explores the special aspects during the transmission of TCM knowledge in the West. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Prospects for the Evolution of Jamaica’s Currency System Ze-min HUANG Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2021, 53 (5): 197-211.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2021.05.014 Abstract （613）   HTML （27）    PDF （848KB）（313）       Knowledge map    In the context of the raging COVID-19 pandemics, the long-standing discussion of de-dollarization and the disintegration of the U.S. dollar has become one of the most marketable views. However, to find out where Jamaica’s currency system is heading, we need explore its causes, the theory and history of the international currency system, and the world trend of political and economic development. The scarcity of gold and other factors determine that the gold standard system is difficult to restore. The super-sovereign currency represented by the special drawing rights lacks credit and economic foundation and thus cannot become the world standard currency. If the development of world economic integration remains dominant, the three-currency standard system of the U.S. dollar, RMB and Euro may replace the current U.S. dollar standard after long-term evolution. If anti-globalization becomes the mainstream, the international community may be divided into several currency areas as the world economic structure changes profoundly. Of course, such a possibility is relatively small. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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China and the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (1968-1992) Xin ZHAN Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2022, 54 (3): 41-49.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2022.03.005 Abstract （602）   HTML （19）    PDF （666KB）（193）       Knowledge map    During the Cold War, China’s diplomacy always had a strong style of anti-hegemony. Standing on the side of the Third World countries, China opposed the nuclear monopoly of the United States and the Soviet Union, and held a resistant and critical attitude towards the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT). With China’s rising international status after the end of the Cold War, disarmament and arms control have become an important platform for China’s interaction with other major powers. China has fully and deeply participated in the process of international disarmament and arms control, and attached great importance to international cooperation in preventing nuclear proliferation, promoting nuclear disarmament and the peaceful use of nuclear energy. China acceded to the NPT finally. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Thoughts and Approaches of Linguistics Research at the Age of Artificial Intelligence Wei ZHENG, Jia-yi YIN Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2022, 54 (2): 93-102.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2022.02.010 Abstract （549）   HTML （31）    PDF （722KB）（309）       Knowledge map    Artificial intelligence, which uses computer technology to imitate human intelligence, constantly requires and desires to explore the nature of mind and language competence. The development of artificial intelligence is the process in which machine language and natural language benefit as well as compete each other. Machine language, which is the simplified version of human language, is the base of artificial intelligence. On the exploration of linguistic issues, linguistics and artificial intelligence start from different paths, leading to a deeper understanding of human language. Artificial intelligence shows its influence not only through its ubiquitous techniques and products but also its research thoughts and approaches. There is no doubt that linguistics has also been influenced by this trend. At the age of artificial intelligence, it is necessary for linguistics researchers to insist on the original intention of linguistic study with the assistant of the big data approach and other modern techniques. It is also inspiring and meaningful for linguistics to cooperate with other disciplines such as psychology, physiology, and cognitive neuroscience. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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“Annotations” of Notes：Annotations and Related Issues of Annotated Versions of Shiji in the Past Dynasties Ke-he ZANG Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2021, 53 (5): 146-158.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2021.05.010 Abstract （518）   HTML （25）    PDF （3058KB）（288）       Knowledge map    Annotations have always been a key issue in processing a Chinese historical corpus. There are various and complicated types of annotations shown in Chinese texts in the past dynasties, which has to do with the classical Chinese academic tradition and its forms. The annotation types of different times are an organic part of the rich materials of Chinese language history, as well as a basic subject to be examined and analyzed in the typology of a Chinese language historical corpus. The formalized marks of the basic content of different types of notes are called “annotations”. The contents of the annotations and the terms used for “annotation” in the past dynasties shared a roughly agreed form of “regulating the past by the present”. The form of these annotations constitutes an important category with a unified standard when processing annotations in a corpus of Chinese character history today. Shiji （The Historical Records） is a model sample of a Chinese language historical corpus, and the notes in its various versions in the past dynasties show the interpretation and understanding of important scholars in different periods. By examining and comparing the age of the usage of some certain characters and terms and the intermediary relations among them as well as the phonetic differentiation in Chinese language history, we can restore their internal relations, reveal the latent clues, and identify the annotations that truly match the attributes of the corresponding era. This kind of annotation processing is of chronological significance and has the reference value for judging the approximate age of an inherited text. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Reconstruction of Confucius’ Ideal of “You Jiao Wu Lei” and Its Modern Relevance Cheng HONG Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2023, 55 (2): 50-60.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.02.004 Abstract （502）   HTML （5563）    PDF （787KB）（196）       Knowledge map    This article aims to reconstruct Confucius’ ideal of “education without discrimination” (youjiao wulei) from the perspectives of intellectual history and political philosophy to demonstrate its continued theoretical and practical significance in modern pluralistic societies. “Education without discrimination” is not a statement of fact about the educated, but rather a value judgment about the educators; it requires teachers to treat students with different individual backgrounds equally. This article argues that “education without discrimination” is a type of civic moral education, which belongs to neither elite nor popular education. It seeks to cultivate exemplary persons (Junzi), rather than influence common people to form moral customs. It is reasonable to interpret “Junzi” and “Junzi’s virtue” as “good citizens” and “civic morals” in the vision of intellectual history and political philosophy. This reasonability shows the possible significance and value of Confucius’ ideal of “education without discrimination” at the level of civil moral education in modern society. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Differences in Fertility Willingness of Couples and Their Influential Factors Shi-song QING, Yu-shan JIANG Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2022, 54 (3): 140-152.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2022.03.014 Abstract （495）   HTML （32）    PDF （829KB）（311）       Knowledge map    Reproductive behavior is a joint decision of a married couple, and the two parties assume different roles and face different costs and utility in the process of reproduction. Therefore, there may be systematic differences in fertility willingness of couples as well as their influential factors. By a SUR regression analysis based on the data of 2018 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), this paper compares and examines whether and how couples differ in their willingness to have children. The results show that husbands have higher fertility preference than wives, and there are differences and similarities among factors respectively influencing them. While family income, number of children, and the concept of family reproduction will influence the couple in the same way, some factors including age and individual income only have significant impact on the husband or the wife, and other factors influence the couple with different degrees. In addition, there is a mutual influence between the fertility willingness of the couple. The above results show the necessity of studying fertility willingness from the perspective of a couple rather than a husband or a wife. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Crowding Effect or Scale Effect：On the Impact of Population Inflow on the Level of Basic Public Services Feng LAN, Chen WANG, Wei-zeng SUN, Cheng-cai JIAO Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2022, 54 (1): 127-142.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2022.01.012 Abstract （454）   HTML （27）    PDF （993KB）（286）       Knowledge map    Accurately identifying the impact of population inflow on the level of basic public services is an important prerequisite for the rational allocation of public service resources, the orderly guidance of the spatial transfer of labor, and the promotion of high-quality and coordinated development of new urbanization. It is necessary to combine the 2005-2018 data of the main population inflow areas-70 large and medium cities across the country- and the urban settlement threshold index to measure the basic public service levels of each city and conduct regional differences analysis. Based on the spatial panel model and instrumental variables Law, this paper empirically examines the impact of population inflow on the level of basic public services, and analyzes the heterogeneity of cities of different scales. The results show that the overall level of basic public services in Chinese cities has been facilitated, the differences between cities have been improved, and regional imbalances have been significantly reduced; the impact of population inflow on the level of basic public services in the inflow areas has a certain lag, but in the long run, the “scale effect” of population inflows in China will eventually exceed the “crowding effect”, thereby significantly improving the level of local basic public services. Further research also finds out that the impact of population inflow on the basic public service levels of cities of different scales is different. It mainly shows the “crowding effect” for super large cities, while it is more prominently shown as the “scale effect” for other cities. Population inflow will have a negative spillover effect on the level of basic public services in neighboring cities. Regional GDP per capita, urbanization rate of the permanent population, and local government financial autonomy can all significantly improve the level of basic public services in the inflow areas. The above conclusions not only enrich the research of basic public services, but also provide a significant inspiration for ensuring and improving people’s livelihood and promoting regional coordinated and sustainable development. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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On the Transformation of China’s Economic Growth Drivers in the New Development Stage: Logic, Direction and Path Yu-chun YAO, Bing LI Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2022, 54 (3): 161-171.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2022.03.016 Abstract （453）   HTML （24）    PDF （742KB）（157）       Knowledge map    The essence of the transformation of economic growth drivers lies in the transformation of the driving mechanism of economic growth, that is, the transformation of the mode of production. Different stages of economic development have different modes of production that play a leading role, and the transformation of this mode of production is characterized by the transformation of the dynamic energy. At present, China has entered a new stage of development. In the face of economic and social problems under the new situation, the transformation of economic growth drivers has taken on new characteristics and directions. The innovation-driven model relies more on independent innovation; the input of resource elements pays more attention to talents, knowledge and data; the supply-side structural reform should be integrated with the strategy of expanding domestic demand; the organic combination of market regulation and government regulation is more necessary and urgent. In order to ensure the smooth transformation of driving forces, we should follow the guidance of new development concepts in practice, pay attention to the cultivation and utilization of innovative talents, narrow the development gap among regions and that between urban and rural areas, and promote the common development of private and state-owned enterprises. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Vulnerability in Confucian Ethics: A Case Study of Confucius’ Response to Zaiwo’s Question of Three-Year Mourning Xian-wu WU Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2022, 54 (3): 10-20.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2022.03.002 Abstract （447）   HTML （183）    PDF （738KB）（136）       Knowledge map    While Western ethics emphasizes the strength of a moral agent and denies his or her vulnerability, Confucian ethics emphasizes the vulnerability, which is vividly reflected in Confucius’ answer to Zaiwo’s question of “three years of mourning”. We are vulnerable since we cannot depart our parents’ arms until three years after birth. However, we are vulnerable during our whole lives since we are always plagued by problems such as old age, illness and death. It is precisely because everyone has vulnerability that we have empathy for others’ vulnerability and are willing to take moral responsibility for and help others. In the process of taking responsibility for others, we establish ourselves as strong moral agents. However, such strength does not eliminate vulnerability. With a deep understanding of our own vulnerability, we have empathy for the vulnerability of others, and persevere in the way of morality with our own humanity and kindness constantly stimulated. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Effects of Children’s Quantity and Quality on Parental Subjective Well-being Qiang LI, Jun-han DONG, Xin ZHANG Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2021, 53 (4): 150-165.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2021.04.014 Abstract （444）   HTML （34）    PDF （1015KB）（270）       Knowledge map    With the development of society and economy, the change of ideas and the improvement of social security system, the intergenerational relationship in China has undergone great changes. An in-depth study of the association between the number and quality of children and parents’ well-being is of great theoretical and practical significance to clarifying intergenerational relationships at different life stages. To this end, using the 2015 China Health and Aging Tracking Data for the Elderly （CHARLS）, we examine the effects of the number of children and the quality of children （measured by children’s annual income and education level） on the subjective well-being （measured by life satisfaction and depression） of middle-aged and elderly parents. It shows that the higher the number of children, the lower the life satisfaction and the higher the depression of parents. The higher the children’s income level, the higher the life satisfaction and lower the depression of parents. The higher the children’s education level, the lower the life satisfaction of middle-aged parents, but the lower the depression of older parents. The resource advantage at the individual level and the family level can offset the effects of the number of children, but not the effects of the quality of children on parental well-being. The effects of the quality of children are more robust and significant to parental well-being. Based on this, it is recommended to enhance the development capacity of individuals and families, create more and more equitable educational opportunities, give more support to families whose children are at the stage of education, and give education inclination policies to disadvantaged families. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Impact of Digital Service Trade Barriers on Quality Upgrading of Manufacturing Exports Shi-teng XU, Ling JIN, Ling-yu CAI, Chun-juan QIU Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2022, 54 (6): 166-174.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2022.06.018 Abstract （437）   HTML （32）    PDF （749KB）（271）       Knowledge map    It hasn’t been systematically examined whether and how digital service trade barriers have an impact on the quality upgrade of China’s manufacturing exports. Based on the technical relationship between the intermediate input of upstream digital services and the output of downstream manufacturing, this paper calculates the country-manufacturing industry-level digital service trade restriction index, and then makes an empirical analysis of the above issues. The results show that the increase of digital service trade barriers has a significant inhibitory effect on the quality upgrade of China’s manufacturing exports, and the negative effects of increased restrictive measures in the fields of facilities and connections, payment systems are particularly significant. The impact of digital service trade barriers is heterogeneous across countries and industries, that is, there is an inhibitory effect mainly on the quality of exports of developed countries on the one hand, and capital-intensive and labor-intensive manufacturing exports on the other. Further analysis shows that the increase in FDI and R&D can weaken the negative impact of digital service trade barriers on the quality upgrade of China’s manufacturing exports. At the same time, the higher the quality of China's manufacturing exports, the stronger the negative effect of digital service trade barriers. Therefore, to promote high-quality development of China’s foreign trade, China should make great efforts to reduce global digital service trade barriers, increase the R&D of digital technology in the manufacturing industry, and improve FDI policies related to the digital industry. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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兵 梅 Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2022, 54 (6): 1-2.   Abstract （436）   HTML （382）    PDF （372KB）（147）       Knowledge map    Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Neighborly Relations and the Ritual Education after the Qin and Han Dynasties Qin-fu TANG Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)    2021, 53 (4): 41-54.   DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2021.04.005 Abstract （430）   HTML （26）    PDF （906KB）（109）       Knowledge map    Based on agriculture, the relation between agricultural production and dwelling in the ancient China witnessed the development trend from the state that the production labor was relatively scattered and residence was relatively concentrated to the state that both the production labor and residence were relatively scattered. No matter scattered or concentrated, the neighborly relations are very important to common people, which is directly related to national administration. Confucianism maintains that the basic organizations in villages and townships should bear the mission of public education to establish harmonious social order and sound neighborly relations. Confucian rites were neglected in the Qin Dynasty so that the neighborly relations were in tense. In the Western and Eastern Han Dynasties, due to the rise of Confucianism, the establishment of stable social orders and harmonious relations among neighbors as well as the ritual education of the public were paid great attention. Castle-shaped residential houses appeared in the Western Han Dynasty and lasted till the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. In the time of war, the neighborly relations experienced distortion and alienation and the ritual education was terminated. The neighborly relations experienced major changes in the Tang and Song Dynasties. At that time, the household registration system based on townships was abolished, centralized residence was terminated and private schools and clans rose, so the gentries bore the responsibility of ritual education of the masses. These factors caused great changes to the neighborly relations. In a nutshell, the neighborly relations in ancient China were restrained by economic conditions, political status, and influenced by ritual education and the efforts of official-scholars. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics