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01 September 2002, Volume 34 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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A Tentative Study of Causation and Characteristics of American Cultural Plurality Zhi-sen YU 2002, 34 (5):  3-12.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2002.05.001 Abstract ( 0 )   HTML ( 0 )   Save In the perspective of its contributors American culture is a kind of immigrant culture, which initially came into being during 1607 - 1783, fixed its characteristic pattern from 1783 to the end of the Second World War, and entered a new multicultural stage after 1950's. The three major elements in its formation include traditions of immigrants' original countries, confrontations between immigrants and their new environments, and melting of varied immigrants. Such a kind of culture has dual effects on America, making the nation absorb quintessence of diverse cultures in the world as well as leading to certain social problems. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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On the Causes of American Multicultural Education Reforms Yong-chun PENG 2002, 34 (5):  13-18, 26.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2002.05.002 Abstract ( 0 )   HTML ( 0 )   Save The American multicultural higher education reforms are aimed at identifying the history, nationality and relativity of each culture, which has led to a creation of a new culture including coexistence of diverse cultures in America. The reforms occur on the ground of several causes: the break of law promises, the dissimilation and revolution of higher education, the guidance of multiculturalism, and the spur of government policies. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The American Intermarriage under the Background of Multiculturalism Xu-feng HUANG 2002, 34 (5):  19-26.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2002.05.003 Abstract ( 2 )   HTML ( 0 )   Save Intermarriage has gone through a process from a period of interethnic marriage and a period of interfaith marriage into a period of interracial marriage since the 1980's when multiculturalism emerged in the United States. The three causes leading to this phenomenon are as follows: (1) An increase in the population of colored races in the third tide of immigrants and the assimilation of descendents of early colored immigrants; (2) American society has gradually become tolerant and open to the minorities; (3) The advocacy of multiculturalism. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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On the Changes and Effects of American Ethnic Composition after th Second World War Yue-juan LU 2002, 34 (5):  27-34.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2002.05.004 Abstract ( 2 )   HTML ( 0 )   Save The American ethnic composition had a clear change after the Second World War. The proportion of European descendent whites to national minorities varied obviously in American ethnic composition. It led to an alteration of American government in dividing categories of ethnic. The change of ethnic composition was connected with flexible immigrant policies, increasing Asian and Latin immigrants, and different ethnic birthrates. All of this boosted American multiculture. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Ethnic Infulence on the American Foreign Policy after the Second World War Quan-hong ZHU 2002, 34 (5):  35-40.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2002.05.005 Abstract ( 0 )   HTML ( 0 )   Save Ethnicity is one of important elements in the making of American foreign policy. It has long been a reality that American ethnic groups exerted great influence on American foreign policies in American history. This tendency has actually become stronger since the United States became a superpower after the Second World War. Examples are shown in the case studies of Cuban Americans and African Americans during the Cold War, and in those of Jewish Americans and Armenian Americans after the Cold War. They exhitited different features respectively in the two periods after World War Ⅱ. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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To Remember or to Forget: An Interpretation of the 1990's Poetic Topics Zhong LIU 2002, 34 (5):  55-61.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2002.05.008 Abstract ( 1 )   HTML ( 0 )   Save Through a complete exploration of poetic topics such as epic myth, intellectual writing, folk writing, vanguard complex, female consciousness and body writing, some characteristics of 90's poetic circles can be seen as follows. First, the epic myth has gone far away from us, and a long poem is only an artistic expression of a poet's idealistic passion. Second, the intellectual writing is not opposed to the folk writing; on the contrary, they have something in common. Third, the vanguard complex has gradually vanished and native consciousness comes back. And finally, it is important that female consciousness should break away from body writing. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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This Sideness and That Sideness--A Study on Wang Anyi's Fiction System Yun-qian WU 2002, 34 (5):  62-67.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2002.05.009 Abstract ( 1 )   HTML ( 0 )   Save The core of Wang Anyi's wiiting lies in seeking a kind of spiritual transcendence by experiencing and exploring ordinary life as well as contemplating and deconstructing contemporary culture. If we say this sideness in Wang' creative writing is to pay close attention to civil ideals and be devoted to experiencing or exploring ordinary, then, to cherish a humanist ideal, to stick to inarching in the spiritual world, and to contemplate and deconstruct contemporary culture, constitute her that sideness. This sideness and that sideness echo each other at a distance, sometimes geminating each other, and sometimes independent from one another, which makes up an extraordinary fiction - creating sight. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Evil of Human Nature and the Misfortune in the World--Yu Hua's Narration of Misery in His Novels Hua FU 2002, 34 (5):  68-72.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2002.05.010 Abstract ( 0 )   HTML ( 0 )   Save In the context of Yu Hua's literary creation in 1980's and early 1990's, this paper studies and analyzes the consciousness of misery in his novels from two aspects: evil of human nature and misfortune in human life. It brings to light the novelist's attitude towards misery and his fundamental standpoint. Misfortune is always a state of human living existence that can not be surpassed forever, however, it is his ultimate choice for a writer who is imbued with humanistic concern to call for tenderheartedness in misfortunes. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Logical Starting Point and the Key Subject Matter--The Theme of Modernity and Studies of Sociological Theories Jun WEN 2002, 34 (5):  73-80.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2002.05.011 Abstract ( 0 )   HTML ( 0 )   Save The destiny of sociology, since its birth, has always been indispensable to modernity. Although during different periods theoretical viewpoints and research paradigms of sociology vary gready, there are no essential differences among classical, modern and contemporary sociology in the matter of theoretical methods and key subjects. They all focus on modernity, and their research paradigms are also related to modernity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Formation of Shanghai Metropolitan Area and Its Demographic Traits Shan-yu ZHANG 2002, 34 (5):  81-88.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2002.05.012 Abstract ( 0 )   HTML ( 0 )   Save The metropolitan area is an essential model of spatial organization for the modern urban development. The formation of Shanghai metropolitan area is of special importance in China. It will powerfully promote economic developments and also district integration in the Yangtze Delta. The Shanghai metropolitan area has six demographic traits, based on the main data of the 5th population census: (1) The population scale is smaller; (2) It nearly enters into a zero increase stage or a negative increase stage; (3) The sex ratio decreases, while the aging accelerates; (4) The cultural quality of population is totally improved; (5) The migrant population has a significant gain; (6) The urbanization is quickly developing. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Formation and Development of a Metropolitan Economic Circle in the perspective of Economics Feng ZUO 2002, 34 (5):  89-96.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2002.05.013 Abstract ( 0 )   HTML ( 0 )   Save The metropolis' formation and development has its own rules. According to neo - classical economics, metropolis is an outcome that takes shape on the basis of city formation through division of labor and efficient hierarchical organizations. In the metropolitan development, how to decrease the transaction cost in cities so as to strengthen division of labor among cities, and how to improve the status of a central city of metropolis in the global division of labor, are very important. There are three metropolises in our country, namely, Hongkong, Shanghai, and Beijing. Each of them has different characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. The Hongkong metropolitan economic ring has the longest history, but has to upgrade its industries. Shanghai is developing very fast, but the function of central city must be set up. Cities in Beijing metropohs have littel economic connection but a good chance to develop owing to the 2008 Olympic Games. Each metropolis should make best use of its strong points and avoid its weak points, decrease its transaction cost, and heighten its economic capabilities. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Issues of Urbanization Backwardness and Urban Employment in Our Country's Transitive Period Bao-shu ZHU 2002, 34 (5):  97-103.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2002.05.014 Abstract ( 0 )   HTML ( 0 )   Save The urbanization has had a quick development since the transition of our country's economic institutions; howerver, relatively, it still lags behind the level of economic development. In the developmental course of urbanization the focus of the national labor power increase has obviously shifted to cities and towns. But, the urbanization backwardness is leading to a stagnation of employment amount and a pressure of urban employment. In a large degree the issue of urbanization in the transitive period manifests itself as an issue of urban employment pressure. Accordingly, we must step up oure urbanization positively and steadily. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Legitimacy: An Interpretation of the Soviet Union's Violent Change Yu-qing HAO 2002, 34 (5):  104-110.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2002.05.015 Abstract ( 1 )   HTML ( 0 )   Save In a sense, the violent change of the Soviet Union resulted from the loss of legitimacy of the Communist Party and its regime. The Cate resources, but in the process of socialist construction, the Soviet Union's Communisommunist ideology and ruling efficiency has been its important legitimt Party didn't foster its two legitimate bases, causing them disintegrated continuously and even leading to a legitimate crisis. When Gorbarchev tried to explore a new legitimate source through reform, he didn't strengthen the former legitimacy, but negated the former, thus leading to the violent change of the Soviet Union. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Meaningful Forgetting: A Rejection of Scientific Thinking--An Analysis of Feng Zikai's Theory of Superiority of Chinese Fine Arts Xiao-jiang ZHU 2002, 34 (5):  111-117, 122.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2002.05.016 Abstract ( 0 )   HTML ( 0 )   Save Looking at the surface of things, the advance of the theory of superiority of Chinese fine arts by Feng Zikai is only an objective fact in view of the tendency of artistic expressionism in the world. However, Feng himself erected this objective basis. In his artistic thoughts the evolutionary trend of Western arts after impressionism adhered to scientism, but on the other hand, it also reflected a process in which the author's subjective consciousness was gradually strengthened. He was sensitively conscious of the invastion of science into art. In view of this, Feng purposefully "forgot" scientific characteristics of Western art after impressionism, while actively publicizing its tendency of expressionism and communicating it with the traditional Chinese artistic spirit on a theoretical level. His theory was aimed at checking the scientific utilitarian spirit and safeguarding the independent position of art. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Seeking for a Consolation of Life--An Analysis of Wang Guowei's Historiographic Transition Zeng-hua JIANG 2002, 34 (5):  118-122.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2002.05.017 Abstract ( 0 )   HTML ( 0 )   Save Wang Guowei, a great master of traditional Chinese philosophy, had been deeply influenced by both traditional values and Western culture. In his time China's society was in the course of transforming from traditional into modern. To seek the truth that was not only loveable but also believable, the tremendous change of China, the calling from the moral spirit of Confucianism, all this made Wang return to believe ancient Chinese classics. He made inquiries into textual researches on ancient classics and history. In his eyes, the culture of government by virtue was loveable as well as believable. In this way Wang found a cultural sense of identity through returning back to tradition, and obtained a subjective consolation of life. But objectively, such a sense of identity was not appropriate to the occasion. He failed to really solve the problem of life. References | Related Articles | Metrics