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15 March 2001, Volume 33 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Some Issues in Current Chinese Economic Ethics (A Conversation by Writing) Yi-ting ZHU 2001, 33 (2):  3-5.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2001.02.001 Abstract ( 50 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (513KB) ( 4 )   Save It is an important and urgent matter for the Chinese society in transition to reconstruct its system of value. Just as the economic life is the foundation of the whole social life, so the reconstruction of economic ethics is an underlying task in the reconstruction of value system. The issue which many scholars are commonly concerned with is how to unearth and integrate those rational elements in foreign culture and native resources in the context of globalization and shift from the old to new dispensation so as to gradually establish principles and norms of economic ethics in accordance with the socialist system of market - directed economy. Among the following group of essays published here Prof. ZHU Yi-ting makes an analysis of the root of various contradictions in the Chinese society in transition and the current situation of economic ethics in his "Some Issues of Chinese Economic Ethics in the Period of Society Transition." Prof. ZHAO Xiu-yi argues that we should use the advanced Western managerial culture for reference and combine it with the rational resources in Eastern culture to reconstruct modern Chinese economic ethics, through his analyses of economic globalization, the rise of knowledge economy, and the coming economic - social problems accompanied by China's entry into WTO in his " Chines Economic Ethics in the Background of Economic Globalization." Prof. WANG Xiao-xi, starting with the relationships between economy and morality and between economics and ethics, makes an analysis of the ground and probability of economic ethics as a discipline in his "The Ground of Economic Ethics as a Discipline." In Ms. LIU Jin's "An Analysis of Economic Man" and Mr. HUANG Ming-li's "An Analysis of the Ethical Spirit of Economic Man" they differentiate, respectively, the rationality and limit of the concept "economic man", and analyze the contradiction of economic man between his moral solicitude and pursuit of profit and its solution. CUI Yi-ming and GAO Xue-dong, in their "Justice: Voluntary, Open and Unfair", explore the concept of "justice" in the sense of economic ethics and its difference and contradiction with fairness, pointing out that the former, as a 'formal demand, deals with the operational condition of economic life, and the latter, as a "substantial" demand, the result of economic life. LU Xiao-he makes an analysis of the comparative method which is employed in the research on current Chinese economic ethics in his "My Views of the Comparative Study on Issues of Chinese Economic Ethics." In his "The Great Development of West China and Current Chinese Economic Ethics" LI Jian makes an analysis of a series of economic ethical problems in the great development of West China and the significance of solving them. Finally, FAN Chun-shi and QIAN Lei generalize and describe the company ethical culture of the Bao Steel from the angle of case study in their "The Ethical Spirit of the Bao Steel". References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Moral War and Cultural Confluence——An Analysis of Pantoja's The Controls of Seven Selfishness You-wen ZHU 2001, 33 (2):  31-37.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2001.02.010 Abstract ( 59 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1073KB) ( 0 )   Save The Controls of Seven Selfishness was one famous book written in Chinese language by the Spanish missionary P. Didace de Pantoja who came to China in 1600. It was a book on religious ethics and fully embodied with the oriental missionary policy and spirit of "moral war on heretics" established by the Society of Jesus. In his book Pantoja developed his "moral war" from the following three steps: first, catering to Confucianism; secondly, complementing Confucianism; finally, criticizing Confucianism. Pantoja's "moral war" had two characteristics, one of which was to adhere to the missionary policy of avoiding a conflict with Confucianism and the other was to adhere to the integrity of Catholic tenet. The ideas in the book corresponded with the social status quo of the late period of the Ming dynasty, which was also congested with selfish desires and out - of - order morals, so it provided a new way of thinking for those bewildered but still exploring Chinese scholars of the Ming dynasty. Accordingly, this book attracted Chinese attention as soon as it was published. Later it was reprinted again and again and became very popular in China. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Moral Individual and the Evil Collective Shi-gong LIU 2001, 33 (2):  38-43.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2001.02.011 Abstract ( 66 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (870KB) ( 0 )   Save Reinhold Niebuhr was a famous theologian and political philosopher in America. Owing to his efforts the theology in America continued to develop and took on a new look during the age of crisis. Admittedly, Niebuhr's reinterpretation of the traditional Christian doctrine of original sin and his emphasis on self - sacrificial love as Jesus' ethic are regarded as his greatest contributions to the twentieth -century theology. The Christian realism advocated by Niebuhr has profoundly influenced the life and thought of Americans. One of central ideas in Christian realism is the basic difference between individual morality and collective morality. Niebuhr believed that the Liberal Movement both religious and secular seemed to be unconscious of the difference. As a result, many liberal moralistic approaches to the political order were irrelevant. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Boom of Private Media and the Systematic Building of Public Spheres in Late - Qing Shanghai Ping FANG 2001, 33 (2):  44-51.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2001.02.012 Abstract ( 68 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1067KB) ( 1 )   Save The print media thrived in Shanghai during the last decade of the late Qing dynasty, and most of them were run privately. They broke the prior official monopoly of mass communications, and not only brought profound influence on the systematic construction of public spheres but also established a new mouthpiece - indoctrinating pattern for the whole society's opinion expression. Compared with traditional patterns, this pattern made it very natural for those newspapers and magazines to advocate the spirit of independence and self - determination, the care for public affairs and a sense of criticism. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Characteristics and Causation of Rural Commotions during the Revolution of 1911 Zheng-ke ZHANG 2001, 33 (2):  52-58, 64.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2001.02.013 Abstract ( 57 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1142KB) ( 0 )   Save There were sharp social conflicts during the revolution of 1911. Commotions waged by middle and low classes took place frequently. They had three characteristics: extensive, low quality, and transitive. The causation of these characteristics lay in the mass resisting consciousness for death, their backward consciousness of the authority cult, and the change of times and class relations. They reflected the complication of social changes in modern China. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Two Trends of American White Women in the Pre - Industrialization Period Xu-feng HUANG 2001, 33 (2):  59-64.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2001.02.014 Abstract ( 60 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (932KB) ( 0 )   Save There were two conflicting women's developing trends all the time in pre - industrialization period. One stemmed from the idea of the patriarchal system of traditional European society, whereas the other inherited the lofty ideal of equality of the new continent. During the period of colony and independence war the latter trend was in dominance, thus bringing about the spring of history of American women. However, the appearance of the Lady Time in the nineteenth century signified a victory of the "old continent trend" in the end. On the whole the social and domestic status of American white women experienced a fall during the pre - industrialization period. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Social Role Transmutation of the 19th - Century French Middle - Class Women Yan-ping SONG 2001, 33 (2):  65-72.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2001.02.015 Abstract ( 53 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1071KB) ( 0 )   Save The French industrialization brought about transmutations of the social role for French middle- class women in the nineteenth century. In the beginning of industrialization the newly - enthroned bourgeoisie reinforced men's authoritative status in the household. Though enjoying the complimentary term of "the angel in the family", women were in fact nothing more than a possession of their husbands. They had no political rights, nor did they have any economic status. With the gradual development of industrialization French middle - class women's consciousness of their rights was aroused, and women began to struggle for their own liberation in the second half of the nineteenth century. Retarded by French culture and tradition, middle - class women's struggles only brought them a rather modest share of rights in society before the First World War. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Some Issues about China's Quoted Companies Decreasing Their Holdings of State - Owned Stocks Fa-qin LAN 2001, 33 (2):  73-79.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2001.02.016 Abstract ( 61 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (756KB) ( 0 )   Save It is very urgent for those quoted companies to decrease their holdings of state - owned stocks, since this is a major link in the whole strategic structure of state - owned economy. However, the decrease and reorganization of state - owned stocks is just like a double - edged sword. Inevitably it will produce an impact on the security market when state - owned stocks are activated. Therefore, the fundamental principles should be effected, that is, fairness, stability, and efficiency. There are three problems which should be well solved: first, clearly confining state - owned economy to some trades that may be done and some that may not be done; secondly, taking various measures and channels to diversify state -owned stocks; thirdly, having the aid of consultative agencies. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Way to Decrease the Proportion of State - Owned Shares—A View Based on the Market for Corporate Control Ying YU 2001, 33 (2):  80-83.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2001.02.017 Abstract ( 66 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (568KB) ( 1 )   Save Although decreasing the proportion of state - owned shares is a basic policy, the issue of how to operate efficiently is still worth inquiring into. There are two ways as to the problem. One is to decrease the proportion step by step, and the other is to accomplish the decrease just in one step. From the angle of the market for corporate control we find that the second way is more efficient since it can improve the corporate value to the full. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Enterprise in Debt and the Transformation of State - Owned Stockholder's Rights into Creditor's Rights Jia-hua XIA 2001, 33 (2):  84-89, 95.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2001.02.018 Abstract ( 55 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (731KB) ( 0 )   Save Microcosmically, an enterprise which is in reasonable and moderate liabilities may get the capital it needs for its production and management and facilitate its economic benifits, and macrocos-mically, it may promote a better distribution of social economic resources and strengthen a control power of state-owned economy. In view of the positive role of liabilities and current low rate of debt in our quoted companies, we may consider transforming stockholder's rights into creditor's rights as an important means to decrease the proportion of state-owned stocks in a quoted company so as to fulfil the dual goal -making the capital structure of a quoted company at its best and realizing state-owned assets in turn. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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An Effective Instrument of Decreasing the Holdings of State-Owned Stock: Stock Allocation Ling-ping MENG 2001, 33 (2):  90-95.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2001.02.019 Abstract ( 60 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (631KB) ( 0 )   Save The paper made a comprehensive and systematic introduction on stock allocation which is an effective instrument to reduce state-owned stocks. As far as its structure is concerned, the paper firstly centered on the basic concept and market effects of stock allocation; secondly, the author summarized the common characteristics of listed companies which meet the demand of stock allocation and then selected 11 samples from Shanghai and Shenzhen Exchanges. The last part of paper made a thorough analysis on a case of stock allocation in 1999. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Discourse on SU Shi's Idea of "Shabby MENG Jiao and Thin JIA Dao" Wen-hua CHEN 2001, 33 (2):  96-99.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2001.02.020 Abstract ( 42 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (638KB) ( 0 )   Save MENG Jiao was older than JIA Dao, yet SU Shi's idea of "shabby MENG Jiao and thin JIA Dao" gave rise to a traditional comparison of the two poets, who were regarded as lesser poets. But a closer study of literary history indicates that the contemporaries during the Tang dynasty employed "shabby" and "thin" just to describe their appearances rather than their poems. HAN Yu, leading figure of men of letters in the Tang dynasty, held that MENG Jiao cherished a more distinct niche than JIA Dao in the Tang poetry. For that reason, the conventional classification of the two poets is question - begging. References | Related Articles | Metrics