华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2000, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 3-8.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2000.03.001

• 文学 语言 •    下一篇

越地祈雨中的“龙圣”崇信析论——兼论中国龙的原型及源起

陈勤建   

  • 收稿日期:2000-01-04 出版日期:2000-05-01 发布日期:2025-12-19

On Dragon Worship for Rain in the Yue Region and the Origin and the Archetype of the Chinese Dragon

Qin-jian CHEN   

  • Received:2000-01-04 Online:2000-05-01 Published:2025-12-19

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摘要：

中国越地农村遗存有以“龙圣”祈龙求雨的崇信, 其中的“龙圣”与学人一般的想像大为不同, 往往只是一些普通的水生物, 甚至还可以是昆虫。由这一事实而参之以上古文献, 可知, 在中国先民的心中, 有统一的龙的理念, 却并没有统一的龙的图像。这种无一定之形、无一定之性的龙, 其实正是中国龙的原型所在。龙难以在我国古代找出一个相应的具体物种, 但却又是我们先民早就感知, 久久无法抹去的一种信仰对象。那么, 它最初究竟是什么?应该是一个与风雨有关而又足以使蒙昧先人心灵震摄的力量, 那便是交加着暴雨与闪电的“long long”雷声。今天我们所见的龙形, 其实不过是后人依意托物而附会出的一种动物形象。

关键词: 龙, 龙信仰, 原型, 龙圣

Abstract:

In some rural areas of the Yue Region in Southeast China, there still exists the worship of dragon for rain. Unlike some scholars' interpretations, the dragon is only a common creature in water, and it can even be an insect. Based on this understanding and consultations of ancient classics, we can draw the conclusion that there did not exist an unitary image hut an unitary idea of dragon for the ancient Chinese people. In fact, the dragon did not have a fixed form and the character for it is the archetype of Chinese Dragon.We cannot find a exact corresponding species for the dragon in history. However, the dragon functioned as a belief for the ancient Chinese. What does the dragon embody then? It should be a kind of shocking power which came with wind and rain. It could be the sound of thunder with storm and lightning.The image we see today is just an embodiment of that idea.

Key words: dragon, worship of dragon, archetype, dragon spirit