华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2000, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6): 60-64, 71.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2000.06.009

• 政治 哲学 • 上一篇    下一篇

论模态逻辑中的“必然性”

冯棉   

  • 收稿日期:2000-09-12 出版日期:2000-11-01 发布日期:2025-12-18

On Necessity in Modal Logic

Mian FENG   

  • Received:2000-09-12 Online:2000-11-01 Published:2025-12-18

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摘要：

模态逻辑涉及的“必然性”具有多样性, 作为逻辑系统定理的逻辑规律体现了逻辑的必然性, 而模态谓词逻辑中反映“从物模态”的公式中的必然算子则主要体现了事实的必然性。同时, 模态系统中的模态公理, 从另一个侧面对该系统中的“必然性”概念的逻辑特性作了描述。“必然性”概念的界定与“可能世界”密切相关。在分析现实世界中事物的本质属性时, 应限制可能世界概念的范围, 摒弃现实世界的非真实情形。

关键词: 模态逻辑, 逻辑的必然性, 事实的必然性, 可能世界, 本质

Abstract:

The necessity involved in modal olgic is manifold. The logical laws as theorems in a logical system embody logical necessity, while the necessity operators in modal predicate formulas which reflect "wodality de re" mainly embody factual necessity. The rnodal axioms in a modal logical system describe its logical characteristic of necessity from another respect. The definition of necessity is closely related to a possible world. When analyzing essential attributes of things in the real world, we should restrict the range of a possible world and abandon non-real situations of the real world.

Key words: modal logic, logical necessity, factual necessity, possible world, essence