华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2001, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 59-64.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2001.02.014

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论美国前工业化时期白人妇女的两种发展趋势

黄虚峰   

  • 收稿日期:1999-05-19 出版日期:2001-03-01 发布日期:2025-12-19

Two Trends of American White Women in the Pre - Industrialization Period

Xu-feng HUANG   

  • Received:1999-05-19 Online:2001-03-01 Published:2025-12-19

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摘要：

前工业社会始终存在着两种对立的妇女发展趋势。一种来源于欧洲传统社会的性别歧视和父权制家长地位的观念, 一种与新大陆关于平等的伟大理想一脉相承。由于劳动力缺少和妇女匮乏, 加上独立战争唤发出妇女的自觉意识, 在殖民地和独立战争时期, “旧大陆趋势”处于隐性状态, 从而孕育出美国妇女史上的春天, 但到了十八世纪末十九世纪前半叶, 由于经济的发展和东部在当时美国白人社会中的主流地位, “旧大陆趋势”战胜“新大陆趋势”, 迫使美国白人妇女进入“淑女时代”, 失去了原先的平等独立。因此, 从整体上看, 前工业社会美国白人妇女的社会和家庭地位呈现一个由高到低的下降过程。

关键词: 前工业社会, 美国, 白人妇女, 发展趋势

Abstract:

There were two conflicting women's developing trends all the time in pre - industrialization period. One stemmed from the idea of the patriarchal system of traditional European society, whereas the other inherited the lofty ideal of equality of the new continent. During the period of colony and independence war the latter trend was in dominance, thus bringing about the spring of history of American women. However, the appearance of the Lady Time in the nineteenth century signified a victory of the "old continent trend" in the end. On the whole the social and domestic status of American white women experienced a fall during the pre - industrialization period.

Key words: pre- industrialization period, America, white women, trend