华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2002, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 23-29.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2002.04.006

• 哲学 政治 • 上一篇    下一篇

道的理化与知行之辨——中国哲学从先秦到宋明的演变

陈赟   

  • 收稿日期:2001-09-03 出版日期:2002-07-01 发布日期:2025-12-11

The Principled Tao and the Debate on Knowing and Doing—The Development of Chinese Philosophy during the Period from the Pre-Qin to Song and Ming Dynasties

Yun CHEN   

  • Received:2001-09-03 Online:2002-07-01 Published:2025-12-11

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摘要：

宋明哲学与先秦哲学在知行问题上的一个根本性的区别是, 前者是以行为中心的人文, 相对而言, 宋明哲学则强调了知的中心意义。知行之辨上的以上差异最终根源于本体论上的如下不同: 先秦哲学是以“道”为中心语词的人文, 而宋明哲学则是以“理”为中心语词的人文。从先秦到宋明, 中国哲学的转换表现为基本语词的变迁, 这就是道的理化现象。通过对戴震、王船山哲学的解读, 可以彰显中国哲学演化的上述线索。

关键词: 道与理, 知与行, 先秦哲学, 宋明哲学, 道的理化

Abstract:

A basic difference in the view of knowing and doing between the pre-Qin philosophy and Song-Ming philosophy is that the former is based on doing and the latter on knowing. Such a difference reflects a kind of ontological difference. In Song-Ming philosophy the ultimate term of ontology is 'Li' (principle), while in pre-Qin philosophy it is 'Tao' (way). Therefore, the shift of the paradigm of Chinese philosophy during the period from pre-Qin to Song and Ming dynasties finds an expression in the shift from Tao to Principle.

Key words: Tao, principle, knowing and doing, pre-Qin philosophy, Song-Ming philosophy