华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2002, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 79-82.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2002.04.015

• 文学 语言 • 上一篇    下一篇

杜甫“自比稷契”大言辨

陈文华   

  • 收稿日期:2002-03-01 出版日期:2002-07-01 发布日期:2025-12-11

A Defence of DU Fu's Comparing Himself to Ji and Xie, the Ancient Sages

Wen-hua CHEN   

  • Received:2002-03-01 Online:2002-07-01 Published:2025-12-11

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摘要：

杜甫曾在诗中以稷、契自比, 后人或以为这只是一句高而不切的儒者大言, 或举其关心国事、陈述政见之诗以证其言非虚。然读其诗, 还应观其事, 从杜甫短暂的仕途生涯中最重大的政绩——疏救房琯, 以及他对苏涣的过誉两件事可以看出, 他对人事尚缺少正确估计, 这就注定了他在仕途上要遭到失败。但这并不等于说他“自比稷契”只是一句大言, 因为稷、契本只是两位以民为念、为民谋福者, 杜诗中时时流露的“宁苦身以利人”的仁心, 正与稷、契“己溺己饥”之心相通。

关键词: 杜甫, 稷, 契, 房琯, 苏涣, 己溺己饥

Abstract:

DU Fu compared himself to Ji and Xie-the ancient sages-in his poems. According to it, people of later generations looked DU Fu as a Confucian or a politician. When we read DU Fu's poems, we should also pay attention to the historical facts. But this paper argues that the importance of DU Fu comparing himself to Ji and Xie was not his attending concrete political matters, but embodying his Confucianism, for Ji and Xie were two sages who thought about people and pursued the happiness of people. The spirit of DU Fu's poems was the same as Ji and Xie's spirit of "self- drowning and self-starvation".

Key words: DU Fu, Ji and Xie, self-drowning and self-starvation