华东师范大学(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2017, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (5): 26-37.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2017.05.004

• 记忆理论与经验研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

当代记忆研究的哲学透视

杨庆峰   

  1. 上海大学哲学系 上海, 200444
  • 出版日期:2017-09-15 发布日期:2017-09-28
  • 作者简介:杨庆峰,上海大学哲学系教授(上海,200444)。

Memory Studies in Modern Philosophy

YANG Qing-feng   

  • Online:2017-09-15 Published:2017-09-28

摘要:

目前有关记忆理论的研究,从方法上看,历史学、心理学、神经科学等学科等领域展现出来的新研究方法已经取得了诸多理论成果,而哲学却依然停留在100多年前的柏格森、胡塞尔的反思与描述方法上;从理论创新来看,上述领域中社会记忆、集体记忆、历史记忆以及跨文化记忆等相关概念不断推出,哲学除了记忆类型的概念之外,没有提出其他有效的概念;从实践来看,记忆实践活动如各种纪念活动、各种记忆资料挖掘以及记忆实验从各自角度展开,而哲学并没有引领这些实践活动。这种情况是哲学自身的内在性所导致,追求知识与真理的强大传统使得哲学自身遗忘了记忆现象及其问题。如果哲学要重燃记忆之火,重新发挥应有作用,需要回到记忆现象本身,这意味着要追问记忆体验的构成以及建构记忆研究的哲学起点。

关键词: 记忆, 体验, 哲学透视

Abstract:

The fire of memory goes out in the stove of philosophy.Methodologically,philosophy still takes reflection and description that Bergson and Husserl used more than 100 years ago as its method,whereas the new methods in the disciplines of history,psychology and neuroscience have achieved plenty of academic achievements.In terms of theory,in these fields new concepts such as social memory,collective memory,historical memory and cross-cultural memory emerge continuously,whereas in philosophy no effective ideas have been put forward except memory types.In terms of practice,practical activities of memory such as various commemorative activities,memory material exploration and memory experiments have been carried out at multiple levels in those fields,whereas in philosophy no similar activities have been carried out.Such a situation is due to the internal factors of philosophy:the strong tradition of seeking knowledge and truth makes it ignore the issue of memory.To re-ignite the fire of memory in philosophy,we should return to the phenomena of memory themselves,exploring the constitution of memory experience and constructing the philosophical starting point of memory research.

Key words: memory, experience, philosophical perspective