华东师范大学(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2018, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (1): 110-116.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2018.01.009

• 艺术与传播 • 上一篇    下一篇

从体验到沉浸:表演的叙事性转变

沈嘉熠   

  1. 华东师范大学传播学院 上海 200241
  • 出版日期:2018-01-15 发布日期:2018-01-26
  • 作者简介:沈嘉熠,华东师范大学传播学院副教授(上海,200241)。
  • 基金资助:
    上海市哲学社会科学项目:"理查·谢克纳:环境戏剧与消费景观"(项目编号:2015BWY004)。

From Experiencing to Immersive Drama: The Narrative Transform of Performance

SHEN Jia-yi   

  • Online:2018-01-15 Published:2018-01-26

摘要: 戏剧表演正以不断变幻的姿态呈现出当下中国别样的文化消费景观。各种沉浸式、消费性表演以后现代的形式在不同的媒介环境中出场,其背后所承接的是与现代表演理论一以贯之的叙事内核。从斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基的"体验"派到布莱希特的"间离效果",从即兴表演到独具后现代性的沉浸式戏剧,后现代戏剧家理查·谢克纳在重新阐释现代与后现代表演的过程中把其推向更为宏观的人类表演学层面。然而,在这些看似纷繁复杂的现代/后现代表演派系背后,是戏剧表演叙事方式的改变和转向。斯式体系和布莱希特被认为是现代性表演,他们的叙事性结构依赖于剧本,是稳定的,戏剧叙事的进程依赖表演推进;后现代表演中戏剧叙事在表演的时刻产生,每一次表演即创造一次新的叙事;当前各种形式的沉浸性表演,建构出与观众新的观演关系,其戏剧叙事是浸润在表演场域中,与观众的消费过程、表演环境共同完成。

关键词: 叙事性, 体验, 沉浸戏剧, 理查·谢克纳, 后现代表演

Abstract: Dramatic performance displays a unique cultural consumption landscape in contemporary China in a changing manner. The immersive and consumptive performances of every description emerge in different media environments with a post-modern form, behind which it undertakes the narrative core consistent with modern performance theory. From Stanislavski's "experimentalism" to Brecht's "alienation effect", from improvisation to immersive drama with post-modernity, Richard Schechner, a post-modern playwright, arrives at a more macroscopic level of human performance studies in re-explaining modern and post-modern performance. However, behind the seemingly complicated modern and post-modern performance is a change and a shift of the narrative way of drama. The system of Stanislavski and that of Brecht are considered as modern. Their narrative structure depends on the play, which is stable, and the process of dramatic narrative development relies on performance. In post-modern performance, dramatic narrative is produced at the moment of performance, and each performance can create a new narrative. At present, all forms of immersive performance have constructed a new relationship between audiences and performers, its dramatic narrative is immersed in performance field and jointly completed with audiences' consumption process and performance environment.

Key words: narrative, experiencing, immersive drama, Richard Schechner, post-modern performance