华东师范大学(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2010, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 29-34.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

1937年国共两党的秘密谈判——以两次庐山谈判为中心

邵 雍   

  1. 上海师范大学人文学院
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2010-11-25 发布日期:2010-11-25
  • 通讯作者: 邵 雍

Secret Negotiation between Kuomintang and Chinese Communist Party in 1937- With two Lu Shan Negotiations as the center

SHAO Yong   

  1. College of Humanities, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234 ,China
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2010-11-25 Published:2010-11-25
  • Contact: SHAO Yong

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摘要： 中共中央给国民党三中全会电报中提出四项保证的最初来源是1937年1月20日和2月5日共产国际执行委员会书记处给中共中央的两封电报。7月15日中共提交的《为公布国共合作宣言》中修改过的四项保证则充分吸收了3月5日共产国际执行委员会书记处给中共中央的电报精神。国共两党在西安、杭州与庐山进行的历次谈判的内容涉及共产党以及共产党领导的军队与地方政府、各党派的统一战线诸多问题，但核心是共产党的合法性问题。蒋介石在谈判中对红军和苏维埃政府采取相对宽松的策略，其重点是企图溶化共产党，迫使共产党放弃独立性。他千方百计搁置《中国共产党为公布国共合作宣言》，其实质就是尽可能地拖延共产党在全国的合法化进程。在共产党的坚决坚持下，在日军加剧军事进攻的形势逼迫下，蒋介石先是口头承认陕甘宁边区的合法地位，接着同意红军改编，最后才被迫发表《中国共产党为公布国共合作宣言》。这从反面告诉我们在新民主主义革命阶段共产党的极端重要性。

关键词: 共产党, 国民党, 庐山谈判, 抗日

Abstract: CPC’s proposal of four guarantees for Kuomintang’s third plenary telegraph was originated from the two letters that was telegraphed by the communist international executive committee secretariat to the central committee of the communist party on January 20 and February 5 of 1937. On July 15, “The Declaration of Cooperation between KMT and CPC” was submitted, and the modified four guarantees in this declaration fully absorbed the spirit of the letter telegraphed by the communist international executive committee secretariat to the central committee of the communist party on February 5. The content of the previous negotiations of KMT and CPC in Xian, Hang Zhou and Lu Shan involved the issues of the communist party and the army under the leadership of CPC, the local government and each party’s united front, etc. but the main focus was about the legitimacy of the communist party. Chiang Kai-shek adopted relatively loose strategy in negotiations for the red army and the Soviet government, the main purpose of this was to dissolve the communist party and force communist give up independence. He tried his best to lay aside the “China’s communist manifesto on Kuomintang-Chinese communist cooperation” in order to delay the legalization of the communist party as far as possible. Under the resolute insistence of CPC and the persecution of Japanese military’s offensive attack, Chiang Kai-shek, firstly, orally admitted the legal status of Shan Ganning border region, then agreed to the adaptation of Red Army, and finally was forced to publish the “China’s communist manifesto on Kuomintang-Chinese communist cooperation”. It tells us, from the opposite way, the utmost importance of CPC during the new-democratic revolution stage.

Key words: CPC, KMT, Lu Shan Negotiation