华东师范大学(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2011, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6): 16-21.

• “知识与行动”专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

欧克肖特：知识论视野中的现代性批判
——以政治为例

李岚   

  1. 华东师范大学哲学系/里昂高等师范学校哲学系， 上海/里昂， 200241/69007
  • 出版日期:2011-11-15 发布日期:2011-11-29
  • 通讯作者: 李岚
  • 作者简介:李岚

Michael Oakeshott’s Discourse on Modernity in an Epistemological View

LI Lan   

  • Online:2011-11-15 Published:2011-11-29
  • Contact: LI Lan
  • About author: LI Lan

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摘要： 欧克肖特“现代性”批判的矛头直指欧洲四百年思想史所体现出的一种“理性主义”的气质，究其根本，则源于传统对“知识”的定义只强调“技术知识”，而忽略了“实践知识”这另一重要的知识形态。欧克肖特所要做的，便是在知识论层面上张举并恢复后者应有的地位，同时，在政治实践领域，维护“传统”的价值以对抗“意识形态”。可以说，他的这一努力为广义知识论的建立做出了特有贡献，并同“默会知识论”一起汇入到20世纪复兴亚里士多德实践哲学传统的洪流中去。

关键词: 理性主义, 技术知识, 实践知识, 意识形态

Abstract: Michael Oakeshott characterizes Western modernity in terms of rationalism. And the domination of rationalism, in his view, is an outcome of neglecting practical knowledge, a kind of knowledge other than technical knowledge. He argues for the legitimacy of practical knowledge and clarifies its role in human activities. As an application of the distinction between practical knowledge and technical knowledge, Oakeshott, in the domain of politics, emphasizes the value of tradition in opposition to ideology. Generally speaking, his endeavor, together with Michael Polanyi’s theory of tacit knowledge, is dedicated to the construction of a kind of general epistemology, which joins force with the trend of reviving Aristotelian practical philosophy in the 20th century.