华东师范大学(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2012, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 19-25.

• 社会保障研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

完善上海居家高龄失能老人亲属照顾者的社会支持系统

刘婕, 楼玮群   

  1. 1. 华东师范大学社会发展学院, 上海, 200062；2. 香港大学社会工作与社会行政学系及秀圃老年科研中心， 香港， 薄扶林道
  • 出版日期:2012-01-15 发布日期:2012-03-27
  • 通讯作者: 刘婕, 楼玮群
  • 作者简介:刘婕, 楼玮群

Improving the Social Support System for Family Caregivers of the Disabled Old in Shanghai

LIU Jie, LOU Wei-Qun   

  • Online:2012-01-15 Published:2012-03-27
  • Contact: LIU Jie, LOU Wei-Qun
  • About author: LIU Jie, LOU Wei-Qun

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摘要： 亲属照护居家高龄失能老人仍是中国现阶段和今后较长时间内的主要照护形式。目前国内关于老年照护的研究集中于老年人本身的照护需求，而对亲属照顾者的照护状况、困难和需求研究不够深入。 “高龄体弱老人照顾者需求和心理健康状况”课题组于2010年4—10月对上海市720名户籍城市居家高龄失能老人及其主要亲属照顾者所进行的抽样调查表明，目前上海居家高龄失能老人主要亲属照顾者的照护呈现女性居多、中老年退休者为主、经济条件适中、照护时间较长和照护责任心强的特点。照顾者在照顾过程中面对生理、心理和经济的压力虽然能够积极采取自我解压的方式，并从家庭获得支持，但同时对政府和社会提供支持也提出了迫切需求。为此，需要通过健全社会医疗保障体系，强化小区为基础的居家服务,加强照护知识技能培训，组建照顾者互助小组，完善以亲属照顾者需求为中心的社会支持系统。

关键词: 高龄失能老年人, 亲属照顾者, 社会支持系统

Abstract: Home care by family caregivers to the disabled elderly in China is still a main form of cares at this stage and remains to be for a long time. Current researches focus on the elderly’s own care needs, but are not enough on family caregivers’ problems and needs. According to a sampling survey in Shanghai in 2010, most of Shanghai's family caregivers for the disabled elderly are women. They are mainly middleaged retirees, their economic conditions are moderate, and they have a longer care time and stronger sense of responsibility. Family caregivers bear a certain degree of physical, psychological and economic pressures during their care giving. In the face of the pressures from all sides, those who actively take selfextracting or get family supports, need urgent supports from government and social communities. Therefore, this essay suggests setting up a sound social health security system, reinforcing communitybased home care services, enhancing care knowledge and skills training, organizing caregiver support groups, and establishing various social support systems.