华东师范大学(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2014, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 88-96.

• 民俗学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

经济民俗学:探索认同性经济的轨迹
——兼论非遗生产性保护的本质属性

田兆元   

  1. 华东师范大学社会发展学院民俗研究所,上海,200241
  • 出版日期:2014-03-15 发布日期:2014-04-01
  • 通讯作者: 田兆元
  • 作者简介:田兆元
  • 基金资助:

    本文为上海市教委科研创新项目(14ZS0560)的阶段性成果。

Economic Folklore: To Explore the Trace of Identity Economy

TIAN Zhao-yuan   

  • Online:2014-03-15 Published:2014-04-01
  • Contact: TIAN Zhao-yuan
  • About author:TIAN Zhao-yuan

摘要: 民俗经济在当今中国蔚为大观,但经济民俗学却从上个世纪后期才开始起步,其研究偏重民俗经济一般资源的整理。经济民俗与民俗经济是既有区别又互相联系的两个重要范畴,为经济民俗学研究的基本对象。民俗经济是指与民俗活动相关的经济,包括与民俗直接关联之衣食住行与生老病死类的商品生产与消费,也包括民俗演艺及其民间文艺转化而来的文化创意产品的生产与消费,同时也指因民俗活动的开展带来的特别消费。中国民俗经济体量巨大,生态功能与文化功能很强,对于中国经济转型与民众的文化认同具有十分重要的意义。经济民俗学研究认为:中国民俗经济资源需要一次大规模的普查,建立资料库以为开发之用;政治文化与制度文化对于民俗消费习俗的影响至关重要,民俗经济对于文化传承与文化认同的具有非同寻常的意义;消费习俗是经济的核心驱动力之一,民俗生态对于经济发展存在综合关联。经济民俗学是一个庞大的知识体系,有待系统建设。非物质文化遗产生产性保护中是近年来文化事业中的焦点问题之一,应该超越单纯的生产性视角,以文化认同建构的思路来解决传统非遗产业的生存困境,有效推进其非遗产业的健康发展。

关键词: 经济民俗, 民俗经济, 非物质文化遗产保护

Abstract: Folklore economy is very prosperous in today’s China, but economic folklore hasn’t been started until the late 20th century and has merely focuses on the arrangement of general resources of folklore economy. Economic folklore and folklore economy, as the basic object of economic folklore, are two important categories, between which there are both distinctions and connections. A large-scale investigation of Chinese folklore economy resources is required in order to build a database for the development of such resources. Political and institutional culture has a crucial impact on folklore consumption custom. Folklore economy is very significant to cultural continuity and identity. Consumption custom constitutes one of the core driving forces for economy. Folklore ecology is comprehensively related to the development of economy. As an enormous knowledge system, economic folklore requires a systemic construction. As for the productive protection of intangible heritage, which is a cultural focus in recent years, we should go beyond the simple perspective of production and solve the survival predicament of traditional intangible heritage by constructing culture identity so as to effectively promote the benign development of intangible heritage.