创业型领导、挑战性压力与员工创新行为——团队认同的调节作用

doi:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5579.2023.03.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于工作要求—资源（JDR）理论模型，对长三角高科技新创企业员工开展问卷调查与分析，以解决在工作压力情境下创业型领导能否有效激发员工的创新行为及其相关问题。由此展开的研究结果表明：（1）创业型领导正向影响企业员工创新行为；（2）创业型领导正向影响企业员工挑战性压力，挑战性压力正向影响员工创新行为，挑战性压力在创业型领导与员工创新行为的关系中具有显著的中介作用；（3）团队认同正向调节创业型领导与员工创新行为之间的关系。上述结论丰富了中国情境下创业型领导对员工创新行为影响机制的实证研究，同时，对挑战性压力中介效应、团队认同调节效应的揭示也为企业压力管理实践提供了实践启示。

关键词: 创业型领导, 挑战性压力, 员工创新行为, 团队认同, 工作要求—资源模型

Abstract:

Based on the job demands-resources (JDR) theoretical model, this paper conducts a questionnaire survey and analysis on employees of high-tech start-ups in the Yangtze River Delta. The results show that: (1) entrepreneurial leadership positively influences employee innovation behavior; (2) entrepreneurial leadership positively influences employee challenging stress; challenging stress positively affects employee innovation behavior; challenging stress has a significant mediating role in the relationship between entrepreneurial leadership and employee innovation behavior; (3) team identification positively moderates the relationship between entrepreneurial leadership and employee innovation behavior. These findings enrich the empirical research on the impact mechanism of entrepreneurial leaders on employees’ innovative behavior in the context of modern China. Meanwhile, the uncovering of the intermediate effect of challenging stress and the moderating effect of team identification has provided practical insights for enterprise stress management practice.

Key words: entrepreneurial leadership, challenging stress, employee innovation behavior, team identification, job demands-resources model

易凌峰, 李腾, 林芹, 宋婕. 创业型领导、挑战性压力与员工创新行为——团队认同的调节作用[J]. 华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 2023, 55(3): 143-154.

Ling-feng YI, Teng LI, Qin LIN, Jie SONG. Entrepreneurial Leadership，Challenging Stress，and Employee Innovation Behavior：The Moderating Role of Team Identification[J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2023, 55(3): 143-154.

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参考文献 0

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变量	类别	频数	占比（%）
性别	女	82	38.3
性别	男	132	61.7
年龄	25岁以下	11	5.1
	26—30岁	43	20.1
	31—35岁	44	20.6
	36—40岁	68	31.8
	41岁及以上	48	22.4
受教育程度	本科	117	54.7
	硕士	66	30.8
	博士及以上	2	0.9
	其他	29	13.6
新创企业成立年限	1年以内	8	3.7
	1—3年	63	29.4
	3—5年	108	50.5
	5—8年	35	16.4
公司性质	国有控股企业	116	54.2
	民营企业	73	34.1
	外资或合资企业	25	11.7
公司所处行业	生物医药	21	9.8
	先进材料	26	12.1
	新能源及环保	30	14
	先进制造	31	14.5
	电子信息	74	34.6
	其他	32	15
公司规模	500人及以上	57	26.6
	250—499人	48	22.4
	100—249人	51	23.8
	50—99人	41	19.2
	49人及以下	17	7.9

变量	子维度	子维度的Cronbach′s α	量表的Cronbach′s α
创业型领导	构建挑战	0.865	0.978
	吸收不确定性	0.935
	路径清晰	0.935
	构建承诺	0.940
	阐明约束	0.905
挑战性压力	—	—	0.911
员工创新行为	—	—	0.900
团队认同	—	—	0.882

模型	χ²/df	RMSEA	IFI	TLI	CFI
四因子模型：EL；CS；IB；TI	2.661	0.088	0.921	0.909	0.921
三因子模型：EL+CS；IB；TI	5.844	0.151	0.766	0.735	0.765
二因子模型：EL+CS；IB+TI	7.388	0.173	0.689	0.650	0.687
单因子模型：EL+CS+IB+TI	9.221	0.196	0.597	0.550	0.595

	Mean	S.D.	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11
1性别	1.617	0.487
2年龄	3.463	1.189	0.145^*
3受教育程度	2.808	0.668	0.119	?0.195^***
4新创企业成立年限	2.794	0.754	?0.037	0.018	0.005
5公司性质	1.575	0.693	0.071	?0.051	?0.106	?0.024
6行业	3.967	1.570	?0.084	?0.042	0.110	?0.137^*	0.414^***
7公司规模	2.593	1.281	?0.048	0.038	?0.048	?0.053	0.079	?0.028
8创业型领导	4.236	0.614	0.199^**	?0.102	0.115	0.131	?0.109	0.077	?0.077	0.918
9挑战性压力	4.194	0.681	0.185^**	0.069	?0.109	?0.007	0.026	?0.129	0.011	0.520^***	0.798
10员工创新行为	4.051	0.649	?0.066	0.144^*	0.113	0.081	?0.021	?0.025	?0.066	0.533^***	0.587^***	0.777
11 团队认同	4.437	0.643	?0.156^*	0.071	0.084	0.075	?0.079	?0.071	?0.064	0.599^***	0.595^***	0.531^***	0.811

变量	因变量：员工创新行为				因变量：挑战性压力
变量	模型1	模型2	模型3	模型4	模型5	模型6
性别	?0.119	?0.011	0.005	0.031	?0.203*	?0.094
年龄	0.194^**	0.223^***	0.145^*	0.174^**	0.082	0.111
受教育程度	0.166	0.103	0.199^***	0.156^**	?0.054	?0.118^*
新创企业成立年限	0.064	?0.004	0.087	0.043	?0.038	?0.107
公司性质	0.008	0.042	0.022	0.037	?0.024	0.011
行业	?0.035	?0.054	0.057	0.022	?0.152	?0.172^**
公司规模	?0.069	?0.033	?0.064	?0.045	?0.009	0.029
自变量
创业型领导		0.548^***		0.301^***		0.557^***
中介变量
挑战性压力			0.608^***	0.444^***
R²	0.065	0.339	0.409	0.467	0.069	0.351
调整后的R²	0.033	0.314	0.386	0.444	0.037	0.326
F	2.052^*	13.162^***	17.768^***	19.865^***	2.164^*	13.883^***